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Postexposure Prophylaxis against Experimental Inhalation Anthrax
Abstract
Inhalation anthrax is a rare disease that is almost invariably fatal. This study determined whether a prolonged course of postexposure antibiotics with or without vaccination would protect monkeys exposed to a lethal aerosol dose of Bacillus anthracis when the antibiotic was discontinued. Beginning 1 day after exposure, groups of 10 animals were given penicillin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, doxycycline plus vaccination, vaccination alone, or saline. Antibiotics were administered for 30 days and then discontinued. Vaccine was given on days 1 and 15. Two animals died of causes other than anthrax and were not included in the statistical analysis. Nine of 10 controls and 8 of 10 animals given only vaccine died. Each antibiotic regimen completely protected animals while on therapy and provided significant long-term protection upon discontinuance of the drug (penicillin, 7 of 10 survived, P < .02; ciprofloxacin, 8 of 9 survived, P < .002; doxycycline, 9 of 10 survived, P < .002; doxycycline plus vaccination, 9 of 9 survived, P < .0002). Protection against rechallenge was provided by combining postexposure antibiotic treatment with vaccination.
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Cited by
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Dixon, T. C., Meselson, M., Guillemin, J., & Hanna, P. C. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199909093411107 · Cited by 874
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Mills, C. E., Robins, J. M., & Lipsitch, M. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03063 · Cited by 796
Raxibacumab for the Treatment of Inhalational Anthrax
Migone, T.-S., Subramanian, G. M., Zhong, J., Healey, L. M., Corey, A., Devalaraja, M., Lo, L., Ullrich, S., Zimmerman, J., Chen, A., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0810603 · Cited by 294
Metadata
- Authors
- Friedlander, A. M., Welkos, S. L., Pitt, M. L. M., Ezzell, J. W., Worsham, P. L., Rose, K. J., Ivins, B. E., Lowe, J. R., Howe, G. B., Mikesell, P., & Lawrence, W. B.
- Venue
- Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1993-05-01
- Volume
- 167
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1239-1242
- ISSN
- 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6613
- OpenAlex
- W2172212022
- Cited by
- 406
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 0.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Friedlander, A. M., Welkos, S. L., Pitt, M. L. M., Ezzell, J. W., Worsham, P. L., Rose, K. J., Ivins, B. E., Lowe, J. R., Howe, G. B., Mikesell, P., & Lawrence, W. B. (1993). Postexposure Prophylaxis against Experimental Inhalation Anthrax. Journal of Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/167.5.1239
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
