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Beef, Dog, and Other Mythologies: Connotative Semiotics in Mahāyoga Tantra Ritual and Scripture1
Abstract
Scholars have long debated how the antinomian elements in the Buddhist Tantras are to be interpreted. Some maintain that they are to be taken literally; others that they are figurative or "symbolic." Both, however—in approaching these statements as examples of directly denotative natural language—miss the most essential aspect of the semiology of these traditions. This paper demonstrates that the Buddhist Mahāyoga Tantras employ a form of signification (theorized by Roland Barthes) called "connotative semiotics," in which signs (a signifier–signified union) from natural language function as signifiers in a higher-order discourse. Employing these semiological tools enables criticism to recognize that what is fundamentally operative—in both ritual performance and scriptural narrative—is a grammar of purity and pollution in significant dialog with both earlier Buddhist Tantras and broader Indian religious norms. This suggests that such antinomianism—far from representing either "tribal" practices or rarified yogic codes—reflects concerns native to mainstream Indian religion.
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South Asians then and now find the substances and behaviors of hard-core Tantra disgusting.
“Truly, South Asians”
From Disgusting Bodies, Disgusting Religion: The Biology of Tantra (2011) · cites this paper as Wedemeyer 2007
To attempt to reconcile the Buddhist precepts with their tantric opposites is to enter a hermeneutical minefield, one 'in which problems of interpretation stand to the fore in a way almost unheard of' in other religious milieux.
“To attempt to reconcile the Buddhist precepts with their tantric opposites is to enter a hermeneutical minefield, one 'in which problems of interpretation stand to the fore in a way almost unheard of' in other religious milieux (Wedemeyer 2007).”
From War Magic And Just War in Indian Tantric Buddhism (2016) · cites this paper as Wedemeyer 2007
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Disgusting Bodies, Disgusting Religion: The Biology of Tantra
Ellis, T. B. (2011) · Journal of the American Academy of Religion · doi:10.1093/jaarel/lfr077 · Cited by 13
War Magic And Just War in Indian Tantric Buddhism
Sinclair, I. (2016) · War Magic · doi:10.2307/jj.6879783.11 · Cited by 3
The Long Arm of the Law: The Generative Power of Metatextuality in Mahāyāna Sūtras
Miller, A. T. (2021) · History of Religions · doi:10.1086/716453
Metadata
- Authors
- Wedemeyer, C. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wedemeyer, Christian K.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Religion
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-06-01
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 383-417
- ISSN
- 0002-7189 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-4585
- OpenAlex
- W2091027197
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 21.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Religion (publishedVersion)
- Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Religious studies › Indian and Buddhist Studies
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Study and Philosophy of Religion
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Semiotics and Representation Studies
- Keywords
- Roland Barthes, antinomianism, purity and pollution, ritual performance, signifier and signified, Buddhist Tantra
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