Pregnancy and Lactation Hinder Growth and Nutritional Status of Adolescent Girls in Rural Bangladesh
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Adolescent pregnancy is associated with adverse birth outcomes. Less is known about its influence on maternal growth and nutritional status. We determined how pregnancy and lactation during adolescence affects postmenarcheal linear and ponderal growth and body composition of 12-19 y olds in rural Bangladesh. In a prospective cohort study, anthropometric measurements were taken among primigravidae (n = 229) in the early first trimester of pregnancy and at 6 mo postpartum. Randomly selected never-pregnant adolescents (n = 458) of the same age and time since menarche were measured within 1 wk of these assessments. Annual changes in anthropometric measurements were compared between the 2 groups adjusting for confounders using mixed effects regression models. The mean +/- SD age and age at menarche of adolescents were 16.3 +/- 1.6 y and 12.7 +/- 1.2 y, respectively. Unlike pregnant girls who did not grow in height (-0.09 +/- 0.08 cm/y), never-pregnant girls increased in stature by 0.35 +/- 0.05 cm/y. The adjusted mean difference between the 2 groups was 0.43 +/- 0.1cm (P < 0.001). Similarly, whereas never-pregnant girls gained BMI, mid-upper arm circumference, and percent body fat, pregnant girls declined in every measurement by 6 mo postpartum, resulting in adjusted mean +/- SD differences in annual changes of 0.62 +/- 0.11 kg/m(2), 0.89 +/- 0.12 cm, and 1.54 +/- 0.25%, respectively (all P < 0.001). Differences in changes in all anthropometric measurements except height were greater among adolescents whose first pregnancy occurred <24 mo vs. > or =24 mo since menarche (BMI, -1.40 +/- 0.18 vs. -0.60 +/- 0.11 kg/m(2); all interaction terms, P < 0.05). Pregnancy and lactation during adolescence ceased linear growth and resulted in weight loss and depletion of fat and lean body mass of young girls.
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Several studies have shown that adolescent women are able to grow during pregnancy if their nutrition is adequate, while others have shown that pregnancy may limit maternal growth.
“Several studies have shown that adolescent women are able to grow during pregnancy if their nutrition is adequate, 38,39 while others have shown that pregnancy may limit maternal growth.40”
From Nutrition in adolescents: physiology, metabolism, and nutritional needs (2017) · cites this paper as [39]
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- Authors
- Rah, J. H., Christian, P., Shamim, A. A., Arju, U. T., Labrique, A. B., & Rashid, M.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Christian, Parul
- Venue
- The Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-08
- Volume
- 138
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1505-1511
- ISSN
- 0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2124946435
- Semantic Scholar
- 2977ecb2b11b588431752368f1cf3f2b0f7f0e48
- Cited by
- 155
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 10.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- United States Agency for International Development (GHS-A-00-03-00019-00)
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (GHS-A-00-03-00019-00)
- Johns Hopkins University
- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Keywords
- adolescent pregnancy, lactation, adolescent girls, linear growth, body composition, nutritional status, primigravida, age at menarche, body mass index, fat mass, lean body mass, rural Bangladesh
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Adolescent, Adult, Anthropometry, Bangladesh, Body Height, Body Weight, Child, Female, Humans, Lactation, Nutritional Status, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Rural Population, Cohort Studies, Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
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