The DOI matches its Crossref record; 69 of the 70 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Quality of Life at the End of Primary Treatment of Breast Cancer: First Results From the Moving Beyond Cancer Randomized Trial
Abstract
BACKGROUND: During the last decade, survival rates for breast cancer have increased as a result of earlier detection and increased use of adjuvant therapy. Limited data exist on the psychosocial aspects of the transitional period between the end of primary treatment and survivorship. We investigated the baseline psychosocial status of women enrolled in a randomized trial testing two psychosocial interventions for women at the end of primary treatment. METHODS: Participants, identified within 1 month after surgery (registration), provided demographic information and limited measures of quality of life. They were followed until they finished primary treatment (enrollment), at which time they completed a mailed baseline survey that included standardized measures of quality of life (including standardized scales of physical and emotional functioning), mood, symptoms, and sexual functioning. A total of 558 patients (mean age = 56.9 years) were enrolled in the study between July 1, 1999, and June 30, 2002. Health outcomes were examined according to treatment received: mastectomy with and without chemotherapy, and lumpectomy with and without chemotherapy. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: Among all treatment groups, patients who had a mastectomy had the poorest physical functioning at registration (P<.001) and at enrollment (P=.05). At enrollment, mood and emotional functioning were similar among all patients, with no differences by type of treatment received. At enrollment, symptoms, including muscle stiffness, breast sensitivity, aches and pains, tendency to take naps, and difficulty concentrating, were common among patients in all groups and were statistically significantly associated with poor physical functioning and emotional well-being. Sexual functioning was worse for women who received chemotherapy than for those who did not, regardless of type of surgery (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: At the end of primary treatment for breast cancer, women in all treatment groups report good emotional functioning but report decreased physical functioning, particularly among women who have a mastectomy or receive chemotherapy. Clinical interventions to address common symptoms associated with treatment should be considered to improve physical and emotional functioning at the end of primary treatment for breast cancer.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“A variety of interventions and changes to the organization and functioning of medical practice have proven to help patients meet their needs and to improve care and outcomes across chronic diseases26-29.”
From Self-management: Enabling and empowering patients living with cancer as a chronic illness (2011) · cites this paper as [26]
Citations
Cites
Controlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing
Benjamini, Y., & Hochberg, Y. (1995) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x · Cited by 109,482
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267
(1992) · PubMed · Cited by 33,716
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433
The MOS 36-ltem Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): I. Conceptual Framework and Item Selection
Ware, J. E., & Sherbourne, C. D. (1992) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-199206000-00002 · Cited by 30,033
SF-36 health survey: Manual and interpretation guide
Ware, J. (2003) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 11,424
Measuring Dyadic Adjustment: New Scales for Assessing the Quality of Marriage and Similar Dyads
Spanier, G. B. (1976) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/350547 · Cited by 7,095
Measuring Health: A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires
McDowell, I., & Newell, C. (1987) · Cited by 4,207
(1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4,156
Gauthier, S. G., Reisberg, ., Zaudig, M., Petersen, R. C., Ritchie, K. A., Broich, K., Belleville, S., Brodaty, H., Bennett, D. A., Chertkow, H. M., et al. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68542-5 · Cited by 4,058
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Sears, 2003, Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 12, 1087
- 2001, Journal of Clinical Oncology, 19, 2788, 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.11.2788 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 502
Sexuality and Breast Cancer Survivorship
Hahn, K. M. E. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-34952-7_19 · Cited by 2
Boisán, N. T., Leal, S. D., & García-López, J. (2010) · Fisioterapia · doi:10.1016/j.ft.2010.02.003 · Cited by 2
Beratung zu sexuellen Problemen bei Patientinnen mit Mammakarzinom
Ditz, S. (2007) · Der Gynäkologe · doi:10.1007/s00129-007-1965-z · Cited by 2
Quality of Life and Fatigue in Breast Cancer
Winters‐Stone, K. M., & Schwartz, A. L. (2005) · Nutrition and disease prevention · doi:10.1201/9781420026641.sec6 · Cited by 2
Culture, Ethnicity, and Race: Persistent Disparities in Older Women with Breast Cancer
Surbone, A., & Kagawa‐Singer, M. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-84800-265-4_23 · Cited by 2
Mundy, G. R., Edwards, C. M., Edwards, J., Lynch, C. C., Sterling, J. A. R., & Zhuang, J. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-373884-4.00005-7 · Cited by 2
Experiência da escrita: intervenção psicoterapêutica com mulheres em tratamento do câncer de mama
Burlamaque, A. V., & Benincá, C. R. S. (2021) · Revista Desenredo · doi:10.5335/rdes.v17i3.13013 · Cited by 2
Survivorship Research: Past, Present, and Future
Rowland, J. H. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-31056-8_100 · Cited by 2
Self-citationPsychosocial Outcomes of Screening for Cancer and Pre-invasive Disease
Whistance, R. N., Potter, S., Eveleigh, M., & Blazeby, J. M. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6694-0_13 · Cited by 2
Calidad de vida y la cirugía en cáncer de mama: Revisión narrativa de la literatura
Eberhardt, A. C., & Lins, S. (2017) · CES Psicología · doi:10.21615/cesp.10.1.3 · Cited by 2
COUNSELLING CHANGES IN SEXUAL FUNCTIONING FOR WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER
Loh, S. Y. (2010) · Journal of Health and Translational Medicine · doi:10.22452/jummec.vol13no1.6 · Cited by 2
Sexualidade e qualidade de vida da mulher submetida à mastectomia
Manganiello, A. (2008) · doi:10.11606/d.7.2008.tde-15052008-153239 · Cited by 2
O perfil da sexualidade em mulheres com câncer de mama
Maluf, M. F. D. M. (2008) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.5.2008.tde-25062008-120439 · Cited by 2
Motherhood and Well-Being in Young Breast Cancer Survivors
Arès, I. (2013) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-3390 · Cited by 2
Gupta, V., Wong, A. T., Radigan, R., Sahagian, M., Fu, S. L., Barney, A., Pettit, J., Shah, R., Singh, S., Deitch, J., et al. (2025) · Advances in Radiation Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.adro.2025.101817 · Cited by 1
Yoo, J. W., Kim, H. J., Shin, D. S., Lee, S. K., Chae, B. J., Yu, J., Lee, J. E., Kim, S. W., Nam, S. J., Mun, G., et al. (2025) · Journal of Breast Cancer · doi:10.4048/jbc.2025.0053 · Cited by 1
Breast cancer survivors’ needs for appearance care: a qualitative study
Wakabayashi, M., Tanaka, K., Nagata, K., Terakawa, H., & Yoshiko, O. T. A. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-71893-5 · Cited by 1
Alder, J., & Bitzer, J. (2010) · Therapeutische Umschau · doi:10.1024/0040-5930/a000024 · Cited by 1
Félix, T. L., Jorge, L. M. M. S., de Oliveira, J., & Mesquita‐Ferrari, R. A. (2008) · ConScientiae Saúde · doi:10.5585/conssaude.v6i2.1160 · Cited by 1
Status of quality of life in breast cancer research before, during and beyond treatment
Ankerst, D. P., & Engel, J. (2006) · Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research · doi:10.1586/14737167.6.2.207 · Cited by 1
Management Strategies for Sexual Health After Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Overton, E. E., Hofstatter, E. W., Miller, D., & Ratner, E. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42451-4_19 · Cited by 1
de Sousa, A. G., Zarameli, R. C., Mesquita‐Ferrari, R. A., & Frigero, M. (2008) · Cited by 1
Oflazoğlu, U., Varol, U., Alacacıoğlu, A., Aşık, N., Salman, T., Taşkaynatan, H., Küçükzeybek, Y., Yıldız, Y., & Tarhan, M. O. (2018) · Acta Oncologica Turcica · doi:10.5505/aot.2018.29494 · Cited by 1
Medication Adherence and Self-Efficacy Among African American Breast Cancer Survivors
Rust, C. (2012) · Cited by 1
Kouri, E. M., & Keating, N. L. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1348-7_3 · Cited by 1
Radigan, R., Fu, S. L., Barney, A., Pettit, J., Gupta, V., Singh, S., Mancuso, M., Soni, V. S., Deitch, J., Wong, A. T., et al. (2025) · Radiation Oncology · doi:10.1186/s13014-025-02630-x · Cited by 1
The Impact of Cancer on the Partner’s Sexuality
Aurioles, E. R. (2011) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-916-1_25 · Cited by 1
Enhancing Sexuality and Body Image
Kayser, K., & Scott, J. L. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-74803-0_8 · Cited by 1
Life During and After Breast Cancer: Providing Community-based Comprehensive Services to Latinas
Mayfield, J. B., & Buki, L. P. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-9452-3_12 · Cited by 1
Breast Cancer in Younger Women
Rabaglio, M., & Castiglione, M. M. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46356-8_29 · Cited by 1
Aesthetics and Quality of Life After Breast Reconstruction
dos Santos, G., & Urban, C. D. A. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-88-470-2652-0_47 · Cited by 1
Response to different medical treatment options for mastalgia in fibrocystic breast disease
Mostary, S., Khan, M. M. H., Hossain, M. A., & Maitra, T. K. (2021) · BIRDEM Medical Journal · doi:10.3329/birdem.v12i1.57221 · Cited by 1
Onderdonk, C., & Thornberry, K. (2019) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190669607.003.0005 · Cited by 1
Symptoms in patients with cancer
Everdingen, M. H. J. V. D. B.-V. (2009) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20090115mb · Cited by 1
Sexual health of people with disability and chronic illness
Kedde, J. H. (2012) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) · Cited by 1
Chu, F.-Y. (2009) · Griffith Research Online · doi:10.25904/1912/967 · Cited by 1
Exercise Safety, Feasibility and the Role of Fitbits Among Women with Stage II+ Breast Cancer
Singh, B. (2019) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.127026 · Cited by 1
Aupomerol, M., Chaltiel, D., Pautier, P., Wehrer, D., Véron, L., Degousée, L., Fasse, L., Guéroult-Accolas, L., Meglio, A. D., Scotté, F., et al. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-427074/v1 · Cited by 1
Colditz, G. A., & Beers, C. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0685-4_18
Buchan, J. (2010) · ResearchOnline@ND (The University of Notre Dame)
Martin, E. (2014) · ResearchOnline@ND (The University of Notre Dame)
Predictors of psychosocial outcomes in women with early stage breast cancer
Oudsten, B. L. D. (2009)
Bernal, L. Á. R., & Psiquiatría, E. E. (2009) · instname:Universidad del Rosario
Husić, S., & Žagrović, M. B. (2010) · University of Zagreb University Computing Centre (SRCE)
E16. Managing the side effects of breast cancer
Ganz, P. A. (2010) · European Journal of Cancer Supplements · doi:10.1016/s1359-6349(10)70020-3
Self-citationInterférence du cancer du sein sur la sexualité
Mimoun, S., Veluire, M., Zarca, D., Bondil, P., & Habolt, D. (2011) · ONCOLOGIE · doi:10.1007/s10269-011-2097-6
Calidad de vida y beneficio clínico con tratamiento radioterápico
Rodríguez, C. S. (2005) · Oncología (Barcelona) · doi:10.4321/s0378-48352005000300003
Medical Profession's Awareness and Attitude Toward the Sexuality of Cancer Patients in South Korea
Lee, J. H., Han, D. H., Ahn, T. Y., Ju, S. H., So, B. K., & Lee, S. W. (2011) · Korean Journal of Andrology · doi:10.5534/kja.2011.29.1.53
Effect of Telephone Counseling on Physical Activity among Older Adult Cancer Survivors
Mullen, E. (2012) · Scholar Works at UT Tyler (The University of Texas at Tyler)
Understanding and Managing Changes in Survivor Identity and Relationships
Cheung, P. Y., & Kerridge, I. (2009) · IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS eBooks · doi:10.1142/9781848163652_0043
Determinants of physical activity and quality of life in breast cancer survivors
White, S. M. (2011) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
A Social Marketing Approach to Recruit Cancer Survivors for Research and Treatment
Hartoonian, N. (2012) · The Scholars Repository - LLU (Loma Linda University)
THE REHABILITATION PROCESS AFTER BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSIS
Johnsson, A. (2008)
SEXUALIDADE E QUALIDADE DE VIDA DA MULHER SUBMETIDA À MASTECTOMIA
Enfermagem, E. D. (2008)
Breast Carcinoma Surveillance Counterpoint: Australia
Spillane, A. J., & Brennan, M. E. (2012) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-969-7_56
Correia, G. N., de Oliveira, J., & Mesquita‐Ferrari, R. A. (2007)
The Li ved Experience Of African American Women With Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema
Collins-Bohler, D. (2012) · Human Biology
A Role for Orexin Neuron Activity in Cytotoxic Chemotherapy-Induced Fatigue
Weymann, K. B. (2013) · doi:10.6083/m4n29vnp
Badtke, A. (2016) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-5843
Sexual Consequences of Chemotherapy
Limoncin, E., Mollaioli, D., Ciocca, G., Gravina, G. L., & Jannini, E. A. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-43193-2_11
Graziottin, A. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48848-6_62
Special Issues in Young Women with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Duma, N., O'Sullivan, C. C., Ruddy, K. J., & Leal, A. D. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69980-6_10
Williams, K. A. (2017) · KU ScholarWorks (The University of Kansas)
Sexual health and impact of treatments on Colombian women with breast cancer and their sex partners
Bueno-Robles, L. S., & Lesmes, V. I. S. (2019) · doi:10.32392/biomed.52
Pinheiro, L. C. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/cyj6-pt59
Wan, C. (2019) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-23821
The Relationship of Positive Emotions with the Cancer Patients Quality of Life in Halfway House
Yuliani, E., Yusuf, A., & Armini, N. K. A. (2020) · Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa · doi:10.32584/jikj.v3i4.645
Impaired of Sexuality in Premenopausal Breast Cancer Patients
Tozatti, P. V., Vettorazzi, J., Lobato, N. R., & Damin, A. P. S. (2021) · Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.4236/ojog.2021.1111149
Malvano, R., & Strigazzi, A. (1978) · PORTO@Iris
Effects of a Physical Exercise Program in Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Survivors
(2019) · Case Medical Research · doi:10.31525/ct1-nct04024280
Mostary, S., Khan, M. M. H., Hossain, M. A., & Maitra, T. K. (2021) · Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research · doi:10.3329/jcamr.v8i2.57433
Barton, D. L., & Wolf, S. L. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1225-1_16
Strauss, J. B., Morrow, M., & Small, W. C. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119341154.ch37
SUSSMAN, J. S., Grunfeld, E., & Earle, C. C. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77432-9_4
Aesthetic and Quality of Life After Breast Reconstruction
dos Santos, G., & Urban, C. D. A. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-62927-8_69
Fitoussi, A. D., Berry, M., Couturaud, B., & Salmon, R. J. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-00144-4_11
Aupomerol, M., Chaltiel, D., Pautier, P., Wehrer, D., Véron, L., Degousée, L., Fasse, L., Guéroult-Accolas, L., Meglio, A. D., Scotté, F., et al. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-427074/v2
Maass, S. W. M. C. (2022) · doi:10.33612/diss.223541306
Frélaut, M., Aupomerol, M., Degousée, L., & Scotté, F. (2022) · Soins Gérontologie · doi:10.1016/j.sger.2022.09.006
Ha, X. T. N., Thanasilp, S., & Thato, R. (2017) · doi:10.58837/chula.the.2017.384
Psychological Quality of Life Among Breast Cancer Patients
Moreira, H. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-17299-1_4024
Acquati, C., Chen, Q., Arthur, E. K., Reese, J. B., & Gorman, J. R. (2024) · Journal of Psychosocial Oncology · doi:10.1080/07347332.2024.2398095
Saxena, V., Jain, V., Das, A., & Huda, F. (2024) · Journal of young women's breast cancer and health. · doi:10.4103/ywbc.ywbc_6_24
Faretta, E., & Pagani, M. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192898357.013.17
Wolter, M., Reading, J. M., Solk, P., Starikovsky, J., Hasanaj, K., Wang, S. D., Siddique, J., Horowitz, B., Spring, B. J., Carden, L. B., et al. (2025) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2025.108038
Kaur, M., Dahiya, D., Pantha, B., Yadav, B. S., & Kumar, P. (2026) · Indian Journal of Palliative Care · doi:10.25259/ijpc_277_2025
Rick, T. J., Girard, A., Topalian, A. G., Hui, J. Y. C., Jansen, R. J., & Blaes, A. H. (2026) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-026-01985-8
Health-related quality of life in breast cancer measured with EQ-5D-5L
Torres, S., Trudeau, M., Liu, G. L., Mitsakakis, N., & Bayoumi, A. M. (2026) · Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s41687-026-01044-x
Dunn, J., Donnelly, P. K., Marshall, A., Elbeltagi, N. I., Hopkins, A., Ramirez, M., Thompson, A. M., Audisio, R. A., Pinder, S. E., Cameron, D., et al. (2025) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/gjjd0722
Ausgewählte Arbeitsfelder für eine frauengerechte Gesundheitsversorgung
Nordrhein-Westfalen, L. (2004) · VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-322-80642-0_6
Brisbois, M. D. (2013) · The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) · doi:10.13028/y3te-bx60
Salutogenese und Sexualmedizin
Berberich, H. J., Rösing, D., & Neutze, J. (2006) · Der Urologe · doi:10.1007/s00120-006-1092-9
Metadata
- Authors
- Ganz, P. A., Kwan, L., Stanton, A. L., Krupnick, J. L., Rowland, J. H., Meyerowitz, B. E., Bower, J. E., & Belin, T. R.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ganz, P. A.
- Venue
- JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-03-02
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 376-387
- ISSN
- 0027-8874 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2105
- OpenAlex
- W2138355767
- Cited by
- 505
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 42
- FWCI
- 14.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA063028)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Keywords
- breast cancer, quality of life, breast cancer survivorship, psychosocial functioning, physical function, emotional functioning, sexual function, chemotherapy side effects, mastectomy, breast-conserving surgery
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Aged, Breast Neoplasms, Depression, Female, Health Status, Humans, Mastectomy, Middle Aged, Patient Education as Topic, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Research Design, Sexual Behavior, Treatment Outcome, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Patient Selection, Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review