The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Root shock: the consequences of African American dispossession
Open accessAbstract
Urban renewal was one of several processes that contributed to deurbanization of American cities in the second half of the 20th century. Urban renewal was an important federal policy that affected thousands of communities in hundreds of cities. Urban renewal was to achieve "clearance" of "blight" and "slum" areas so that they could be rebuilt for new uses other than housing the poor. Urban renewal programs fell disproportionately on African American communities, leading to the slogan "Urban renewal is Negro removal." The short-term consequences were dire, including loss of money, loss of social organization, and psychological trauma. The long-term consequences flow from the social paralysis of dispossession, most important, a collapse of political action. This has important implications for the well-being of African Americans. It also raises important questions about the strength and quality of American democracy.
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“the 1949 U.S. Urban Renewal Act-related dispossession of the lands of many flourishing Black communities intensified existing health disparities”
From Cultural trauma as a fundamental cause of health disparities (2022) · cites this paper as Fullilove, 2001
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“forcing residents to expend major financial capital to resettle, casting subsequent generations into economic disadvantage”
From Cultural trauma as a fundamental cause of health disparities (2022) · cites this paper as Fullilove, 2001
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“Within the literature, this cultural trauma appears to occur both through physical dislocation from native lands via force, genocide, or disease (Evans-Campbell, 2008; Krieg, 2009), or discriminatory policies that strip groups of existing cultural lands (i.e., material resources) while blocking access to future lands and other flexible resources (Fullilove, 2001; Williams and Collins, 2016).”
From Cultural trauma as a fundamental cause of health disparities (2022) · cites this paper as Fullilove, 2001
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“For example, in the United States, when many African Americans moved from the southern to the northern states during the nineteenth century, first the Jim Crow laws and then redlining, gentrification, segregation, and discrimination severely limited the housing that was available to them (43).”
From Review of the Impact of Housing Quality on Inequalities in Health and Well-Being (2023) · cites this paper as [43]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Fullilove, M. T.
- Affiliations
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fullilove, M. T.
- ORCID
- Fullilove, M. T.
- Venue
- Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
- Published
- 2001-03-01
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 72-80
- ISSN
- 0022-1503 (ISSN-L)
- 1099-3460
- 1471-8505
- PMC
- PMC3456198
- OpenAlex
- W2136233128
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 6.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Heredity (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Urban Planning and Governance
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
- Keywords
- urban regeneration, African American community, dispossession, deurbanization, forced relocation, psychological trauma, social disorganization, political disengagement, federal housing policy, urban blight, American democracy
- MeSH terms
- Anomie, Black or African American, City Planning, Cultural Deprivation, Ethics, Humans, Politics, Poverty Areas, Social Alienation, Social Change, United States, Urban Population, Urban Renewal, Virginia
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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