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Opacity-Limited Hierarchical Fragmentation and the Masses of Protostars
Open accessAbstract
Hierarchical fragmentation of a collapsing cloud terminates when opacity prevents individual sub-clouds from radiating their gravitational binding energy on a free-fall time scale. The approximate mass of the final fragments is derived in a form which clarifies why it is insensitive to physical conditions in the cloud. This mass is |$\sim {10}^{-3}\,{T}^{1/4}{f}^{-1/2}$| times the Chandrasekhar mass, where T (K) is the gas temperature when the fragments first significantly reabsorb their own radiation, and f is the radiative efficiency of a fragment at that stage relative to a black body.
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Citations
Cited by
Bromm, V., & Larson, R. B. (2004) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.42.053102.134034 · Cited by 957
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Postnov, K. A., & Yungelson, L. R. (2014) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.12942/lrr-2014-3 · Cited by 486
The anthropic principle and the structure of the physical world
Carr, B. J., & Rees, M. J. (1979) · Nature · doi:10.1038/278605a0 · Cited by 438
Self-citationThe formation of the first low-mass stars from gas with low carbon and oxygen abundances
Bromm, V., & Loeb, A. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02071 · Cited by 441
Bate, M. R. (2009) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14106.x · Cited by 440
Metadata
- Authors
- Rees, M. J.
- Venue
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1976-09-01
- Volume
- 176
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 483-486
- ISSN
- 0035-8711 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2966
- OpenAlex
- W2040363577
- Cited by
- 262
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 4.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Rees, M. J. (1976). Opacity-Limited Hierarchical Fragmentation and the Masses of Protostars. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/176.3.483
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