Cited by 323Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, PhenomenaAstrophysical Phenomena and ObservationsStellar, planetary, and galactic studies

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A systematic search for changing-look quasars in SDSS

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MacLeod, Chelsea L., Ross, Nicholas P., Lawrence, Andy, Goad, Mike, Horne, Keith, Burgett, William, Chambers, Ken C., Flewelling, Heather, Hodapp, Klaus, Kaiser, Nick, Magnier, Eugene, Wainscoat, Richard, Waters, Christopher·2016·Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI 10.1093/mnras/stv2997

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Abstract

We present a systematic search for changing-look quasars based on repeat photometry from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and Pan-STARRS1, along with repeat spectra from SDSS and SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. Objects with large, |Δg| > 1 mag photometric variations in their light curves are selected as candidates to look for changes in broad emission line (BEL) features. Out of a sample of 1011 objects that satisfy our selection criteria and have more than one epoch of spectroscopy, we find 10 examples of quasars that have variable and/or ‘changing-look’ BEL features. Four of our objects have emerging BELs, five have disappearing BELs, and one object shows tentative evidence for having both emerging and disappearing BELs. With redshifts in the range 0.20 < z < 0.63, this sample includes the highest redshift changing-look quasars discovered to date. We highlight the quasar J102152.34+464515.6 at z = 0.204. Here, not only have the Balmer emission lines strongly diminished in prominence, including Hβ all but disappearing, but the blue continuum fν∝ν1/3 typical of an active galactic nuclei is also significantly diminished in the second epoch of spectroscopy. Using our selection criteria, we estimate that >15 per cent of strongly variable luminous quasars display changing-look BEL features on rest-frame time-scales of 8 to 10 yr. Plausible time-scales for variable dust extinction are factors of 2–10 too long to explain the dimming and brightening in these sources, and simple dust reddening models cannot reproduce the BEL changes. On the other hand, an advancement such as disc reprocessing is needed if the observed variations are due to accretion rate changes.

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Authors: MacLeod, C. L., Ross, N. P., Lawrence, A., Goad, M., Horne, K., Burgett, W., Chambers, K. C., Flewelling, H., Hodapp, K., Kaiser, N., Magnier, E., Wainscoat, R., & Waters, C.
Affiliations: Royal Observatory (GB)
University of Leicester (GB)
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
Corresponding author: MacLeod, Chelsea L.
ORCID: MacLeod, Chelsea L.
Ross, Nicholas P.
Lawrence, Andy
Goad, Mike
Horne, Keith
Burgett, William
Chambers, Ken C.
Flewelling, Heather
Hodapp, Klaus
Kaiser, Nick
Magnier, Eugene
Wainscoat, Richard
Waters, Christopher
Venue: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2016-01-20
Volume: 457
Issue: 1
Pages: 389-404
ISSN: 0035-8711 (ISSN-L)
1365-2966
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv2997
OpenAlex: W2233780967
Cited by: 323
References: 147
Citations by year: 2026: 26 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 15
FWCI: 16.90
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (publishedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University) (acceptedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester) (submittedVersion)
HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
St Andrews Research Repository (St Andrews Research Repository) (submittedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders: National Science Foundation (1313422, 0909182, 1238877)
Smithsonian Institution
U.S. Department of Energy
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (AST-1313422, NNG05GF22G, AST-0909182, NNX08AR22G, AST-1238877)
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (NNX08AR22G)
Yale University
Vanderbilt University
Princeton University
Ohio State University
Harvard University
University of Washington
Johns Hopkins University
University of Pittsburgh
Carnegie Mellon University
Case Western Reserve University
Drexel University
Universität Basel
University of Portsmouth
New Mexico State University
Space Telescope Science Institute (NNX08AR22G)
York University
Queen's University Belfast
Durham University
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Queen's University
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
National Central University
Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem
Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie
Office of Science
College of Engineering, Michigan State University
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
Science Mission Directorate (NNX08AR22G)
Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/N000757/1, ST/M001296/1, ST/L005050/1, ST/M001229/1, ST/K001000/1, ST/L00481X/1, ST/J004626/1)
U.S. Naval Observatory
Planetary Science Division (NNX08AR22G)
Fermilab
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Keywords: changing-look quasars, broad emission lines, quasar variability, interstellar extinction, quasar light curves, high-redshift quasars

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A systematic search for changing-look quasars in SDSS

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