Strong conservation of non-coding sequences during vertebrates evolution: potential involvement in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression
Open accessAbstract
Comparison of nucleotide sequences from different classes of vertebrates that diverged more than 300 million years ago, revealed the existence of highly conserved regions (HCRs) with more than 70% similarity over 100 to 1450 nt in non-coding parts of genes. Such a conservation is unexpected because it is much longer and stronger than what is necessary for specifying the binding of a regulatory protein. HCRs are relatively frequent, particularly in genes that are essential to cell life. In multigene families, conserved regions are specific of each isotype and are probably involved in the control of their specific pattern of expression. Studying HCRs distribution within genes showed that functional constraints are generally much stronger in 3'-non-coding regions than in promoters or introns. The 3'-HCRs are particularly A + T-rich and are always located in the transcribed untranslated regions of genes, which suggests that they are involved in post-transcriptional processes. However, current knowledge of mechanisms that regulate mRNA export, localisation, translation, or degradation is not sufficient to explain the strong functional constraints that we have characterised.
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Many conserved 3'-UTR sequences are likely involved in posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms, for example by influencing subcellular localization, transcript stability, or translatability.
“It is likely that many conserved 3Ј-UTR sequences are involved in posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms, e.g., by influencing subcellular localization, transcript stability, or translatability (Duret et al. 1993;Grzybowska et al. 2001;Mignone et al. 2002).”
From Evolutionarily conserved elements in vertebrate, insect, worm, and yeast genomes (2005) · cites this paper as Duret et al. 1993
Earlier reports have described widespread conservation in 3' UTRs, and some have noted an enrichment for genes for DNA-binding proteins.
“These findings are consistent with earlier reports of widespread conservation in 3Ј UTRs (Duret et al. 1993;Lipman 1997), some of which have noted an enrichment for genes for DNA-binding proteins (Duret et al. 1993).”
From Evolutionarily conserved elements in vertebrate, insect, worm, and yeast genomes (2005) · cites this paper as Duret et al. 1993
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Evolutionarily conserved elements in vertebrate, insect, worm, and yeast genomes
Siepel, A., Bejerano, G., Pedersen, J. S., Hinrichs, A. S., Hou, M., Rosenbloom, K., Clawson, H., Spieth, J., Hillier, L. W., Richards, S., et al. (2005) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.3715005 · Cited by 4,408 · see citing works
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CEGA—a catalog of conserved elements from genomic alignments
Dousse, A., Junier, T., & Zdobnov, E. M. (2016) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1163 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Duret, L., Dorkeld, F., & Gautier, C.
- Affiliations
- Lyon 1 Université (FR)
- Venue
- Nucleic Acids Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1993
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2315-2322
- ISSN
- 0305-1048 (ISSN-L)
- 1362-4962
- PMC
- PMC309526
- OpenAlex
- W2171614937
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Nucleic Acids Research (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Keywords
- non-coding sequences, vertebrate evolution, sequence conservation, post-transcriptional regulation, 3' untranslated region, gene family, functional constraints, mRNA export, mRNA degradation, translational regulation, introns, promoter
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Evolution, Gene Expression Regulation, Introns, Promoter Regions, Genetic, RNA, Messenger, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, Transcription, Genetic, Vertebrates, Conserved Sequence
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