Cited by 207Force Microscopy Techniques and ApplicationsDNA and Nucleic Acid ChemistryAdvanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques

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Atomic force microscopy of DNA in aqueous solutions

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Hansma, Helen G., Bezanilla, Magdalena, Zenhausern, Frederic, Adrian, Marc, Sinsheimer, Robert L.·1993·Nucleic Acids Research

DOI 10.1093/nar/21.3.505PMC PMC309146

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Abstract

DNA on mica can be imaged in the atomic force microscope (AFM) in water or in some buffers if the sample has first been dehydrated thoroughly with propanol or by baking in vacuum and if the sample is imaged with a tip that has been deposited in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Without adequate dehydration or with an unmodified tip, the DNA is scraped off the substrate by AFM-imaging in aqueous solutions. The measured heights and widths of DNA are larger in aqueous solutions than in propanol. The measured lengths of DNA molecules are the same in propanol and in aqueous solutions and correspond to the base spacing for B-DNA, the hydrated form of DNA; when the DNA is again imaged in propanol after buffer, however, it shortens to the length expected for dehydrated A-DNA. Other results include the imaging of E. coli RNA polymerase bound to DNA in a propanol-water mixture and the observation that washing samples in the AFM is an effective way of disaggregating salt-DNA complexes. The ability to image DNA in aqueous solutions has potential applications for observing processes involving DNA in the AFM.

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Authors: Hansma, H. G., Bezanilla, M., Zenhausern, F., Adrian, M., & Sinsheimer, R. L.
Affiliations: University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
ORCID: Hansma, Helen G.
Bezanilla, Magdalena
Venue: Nucleic Acids Research
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 1993
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Pages: 505-512
ISSN: 0305-1048 (ISSN-L)
1362-4962
DOI: 10.1093/nar/21.3.505
PMC: PMC309146
OpenAlex: W2077943655
Cited by: 207
References: 11
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 12.02
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Nucleic Acids Research (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) (submittedVersion)
Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: National Science Foundation (9018846)
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (27142)
University of California, Santa Barbara
Office of Naval Research
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
Keywords: DNA imaging, mica substrate, sample dehydration, DNA hydration, B-DNA, A-DNA, DNA length measurement, RNA polymerase-DNA complex, sample washing
MeSH terms: 1-Propanol, DNA, Microscopy, Plasmids, DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases, Solutions, Water

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Atomic force microscopy of DNA in aqueous solutions

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