Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 388

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Detection and measurement of PCR bias in quantitative methylation analysis of bisulphite-treated DNA

Open access
Warnecke, P. M., Stirzaker, C., Melki, J. R., Millar, D. S., Paul, C. L., Clark, S. J.·1997·Nucleic Acids Research

Abstract

Methylation analysis of individual cytosines in genomic DNA can be determined quantitatively by bisulphite treatment and PCR amplification of the target DNA sequence, followed by restriction enzyme digestion or sequencing. Methylated and unmethylated molecules, however, have different sequences after bisulphite conversion. For some sequences this can result in bias during the PCR amplification leading to an inaccurate estimate of methylation. PCR bias is sequence dependent and often strand-specific. This study presents a simple method for detection and measurement of PCR bias for any set of primers, and investigates parameters for overcoming PCR bias.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/nar/25.21.4422

Cites

8 of 8 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 8 references

Cited by

See all 388

Metadata

Authors
Warnecke, P. M., Stirzaker, C., Melki, J. R., Millar, D. S., Paul, C. L., & Clark, S. J.
Venue
Nucleic Acids Research
Published
1997-11-01
Volume
25
Issue
21
Pages
4422-4426
ISSN
  • 0305-1048 (ISSN-L)
  • 1362-4962
OpenAlex
W2135157239
Cited by
388
References
8
FWCI
2.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Detection and measurement of PCR bias in quantitative methylation analysis of bisulphite-treated DNA. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/nar/25.21.4422
The paper
Warnecke, P. M., Stirzaker, C., Melki, J. R., Millar, D. S., Paul, C. L., & Clark, S. J. (1997). Detection and measurement of PCR bias in quantitative methylation analysis of bisulphite-treated DNA. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/25.21.4422

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.