The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
STRING: known and predicted protein-protein associations, integrated and transferred across organisms
Open accessAbstract
A full description of a protein's function requires knowledge of all partner proteins with which it specifically associates. From a functional perspective, 'association' can mean direct physical binding, but can also mean indirect interaction such as participation in the same metabolic pathway or cellular process. Currently, information about protein association is scattered over a wide variety of resources and model organisms. STRING aims to simplify access to this information by providing a comprehensive, yet quality-controlled collection of protein-protein associations for a large number of organisms. The associations are derived from high-throughput experimental data, from the mining of databases and literature, and from predictions based on genomic context analysis. STRING integrates and ranks these associations by benchmarking them against a common reference set, and presents evidence in a consistent and intuitive web interface. Importantly, the associations are extended beyond the organism in which they were originally described, by automatic transfer to orthologous protein pairs in other organisms, where applicable. STRING currently holds 730,000 proteins in 180 fully sequenced organisms, and is available at http://string.embl.de/.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The KEGG resource for deciphering the genome
Kanehisa, M. (2004) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkh063 · Cited by 5,104
Functional organization of the yeast proteome by systematic analysis of protein complexes
Gavin, A.-C., Bösche, M., Krause, R., Grandi, P., Marzioch, M., Bauer, A., Schultz, J., Rick, J. M., Michon, A.-M., Cruciat, C.-M., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/415141a · Cited by 4,759
The COG database: an updated version includes eukaryotes
Tatusov, R. L., Fedorova, N. D., Jackson, J. D., Jacobs, A. R., Kiryutin, B., Koonin, E. V., Krylov, D. M., Mazumder, R., Mekhedov, S. L., Nikolskaya, A. N., et al. (2003) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-4-41 · Cited by 4,430
STRING: a database of predicted functional associations between proteins
Mering, C. V. (2003) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkg034 · Cited by 2,913
The Database of Interacting Proteins: 2004 update
Salwinski, L. (2004) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkh086 · Cited by 2,271
A Gene-Coexpression Network for Global Discovery of Conserved Genetic Modules
Stuart, J. M., Segal, E., Koller, D., & Kim, S. K. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1087447 · Cited by 2,256
BIND--The Biomolecular Interaction Network Database
Bader, G. D. (2001) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/29.1.242 · Cited by 1,560
BIND: the Biomolecular Interaction Network Database
Bader, G. D. (2003) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkg056 · Cited by 1,114
IntAct: an open source molecular interaction database
Hermjakob, H. (2004) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkh052 · Cited by 1,012
MINT: a Molecular INTeraction database
Zanzoni, A., Montecchi-Palazzi, L., Quondam, M., Ausiello, G., Helmer-Citterich, M., & Cesareni, G. (2002) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(01)03293-8 · Cited by 790
Cited by
An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest
Turnbaugh, P. J., Ley, R. E., Mahowald, M. A., Magrini, V., Mardis, E. R., & Gordon, J. I. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05414 · Cited by 12,444
Szklarczyk, D., Kirsch, R., Koutrouli, M., Nastou, K., Mehryary, F., Hachilif, R., Gable, A. L., Fang, T., Doncheva, N. T., Pyysalo, S., et al. (2023) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000 · Cited by 9,726
Szklarczyk, D., Gable, A. L., Nastou, K. C., Lyon, D., Kirsch, R., Pyysalo, S., Doncheva, N. T., Legeay, M., Fang, T., Bork, P., et al. (2021) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkaa1074 · Cited by 8,056
Self-citationCopper induces cell death by targeting lipoylated TCA cycle proteins
Tsvetkov, P., Coy, S., Petrova, B., Dreishpoon, M., Verma, A., Abdusamad, M., Rossen, J., Joesch-Cohen, L., Humeidi, R., Spangler, R. D., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abf0529 · Cited by 4,932
STRING v9.1: protein-protein interaction networks, with increased coverage and integration
Franceschini, A., Szklarczyk, D., Frankild, S., Kuhn, M., Simonovic, M., Roth, A., Lin, J., Minguez, P., Bork, P., von Mering, C., et al. (2012) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gks1094 · Cited by 4,398
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- von Mering, C.
- Venue
- Nucleic Acids Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-12-17
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- Database issue
- Pages
- D433-D437
- ISSN
- 0305-1048 (ISSN-L)
- 1362-4962
- OpenAlex
- W2123500593
- Cited by
- 1,764
- References
- 23
- FWCI
- 18.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: STRING: known and predicted protein-protein associations, integrated and transferred across organisms. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/nar/gki005
- The paper
- von Mering, C. (2004). STRING: known and predicted protein-protein associations, integrated and transferred across organisms. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gki005
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
