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BAGEL3: automated identification of genes encoding bacteriocins and (non-)bactericidal posttranslationally modified peptides

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van Heel, Auke J., de Jong, Anne, Montalbán-López, Manuel, Kok, Jan, Kuipers, Oscar P.·2013·Nucleic Acids Research

Abstract

Identifying genes encoding bacteriocins and ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs) can be a challenging task. Especially those peptides that do not have strong homology to previously identified peptides can easily be overlooked. Extensive use of BAGEL2 and user feedback has led us to develop BAGEL3. BAGEL3 features genome mining of prokaryotes, which is largely independent of open reading frame (ORF) predictions and has been extended to cover more (novel) classes of posttranslationally modified peptides. BAGEL3 uses an identification approach that combines direct mining for the gene and indirect mining via context genes. Especially for heavily modified peptides like lanthipeptides, sactipeptides, glycocins and others, this genetic context harbors valuable information that is used for mining purposes. The bacteriocin and context protein databases have been updated and it is now easy for users to submit novel bacteriocins or RiPPs. The output has been simplified to allow user-friendly analysis of the results, in particular for large (meta-genomic) datasets. The genetic context of identified candidate genes is fully annotated. As input, BAGEL3 uses FASTA DNA sequences or folders containing multiple FASTA formatted files. BAGEL3 is freely accessible at http://bagel.molgenrug.nl.

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Metadata

Authors
van Heel, A. J., de Jong, A., Montalbán-López, M., Kok, J., & Kuipers, O. P.
Venue
Nucleic Acids Research
Published
2013-05-15
Volume
41
Issue
W1
Pages
W448-W453
ISSN
  • 0305-1048 (ISSN-L)
  • 1362-4962
OpenAlex
W2107758049
Cited by
477
References
1
FWCI
22.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: BAGEL3: automated identification of genes encoding bacteriocins and (non-)bactericidal posttranslationally modified peptides. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/nar/gkt391
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van Heel, A. J., de Jong, A., Montalbán-López, M., Kok, J., & Kuipers, O. P. (2013). BAGEL3: automated identification of genes encoding bacteriocins and (non-)bactericidal posttranslationally modified peptides. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkt391

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