Interleukin-6 expression after renal transplantation
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an inflammatory cytokine that plays a role in transplant rejection. We tested the hypothesis that IL-6 levels in serum or urine could be of value in predicting acute and chronic allograft rejection. Furthermore, we examined whether or not such levels reflected IL-6 expression in the kidney. METHODS: We measured IL-6 and IL-6 soluble receptor (IL-6sR) in serum and urine of 145 transplant patients and 20 normal controls. In parallel, we studied 108 renal biopsies. IL-6 was measured with a bioassay system using an IL-6 dependent cell line. IL-6sR was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The biopsies were examined for IL-6 and IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) expression with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Rejection episodes occurring within 2 months of transplantation were accompanied by elevated IL-6 concentrations in serum (17 +/- 4.8 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and urine (114 +/- 27 pg/ml, P < 0.005), compared to controls. These values returned towards baseline (0-5 pg/ml) after successful rejection treatment. The sensitivity of urine measurements was much higher (93%) than serum (54%). The specificity in serum (70%) and urine (60%) was reduced by infection, acute tubular necrosis, and antithymocyte globulin treatment. Serum and urine IL-6sR values did not correlate with rejection. In biopsy tissue, IL-6 and IL-6R were both elevated during rejection. Especially, mononuclear cells within the interstitial infiltrate stained positive. However, the amount of IL-6 positive cells did not correlate with peripheral IL-6 concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Urine but not serum IL-6 values are sensitive indicators of rejection; however, they are confounded by infection, acute tubular necrosis, and certain antirejection treatments. These features limit their usefulness.
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IFN-γ has been shown to promote allograft tolerance in certain settings by counteracting the effects of IL-5 and IL-6.
“IFN-γ has been shown to promote allograft tolerance in certain settings by counteracting the effects of both IL-5 and IL-6, which are strong mediators of allograft rejection, as previously published and also observed in our case26,32–36.”
From Targeting the mTOR pathway uncouples the efficacy and toxicity of PD-1 blockade in renal transplantation (2019) · cites this paper as [33]
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- Authors
- Waiser, J., Budde, K., Katalinic, A., Kuerzdorfer, M., Riess, R., & Neumayer, H. H.
- Affiliations
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
- Venue
- Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1997-04-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 753-759
- ISSN
- 0931-0509 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2385
- OpenAlex
- W2170709841
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Transplantation › Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Transplantation › Organ and Tissue Transplantation Research
- Keywords
- interleukin-6, kidney transplantation, allograft rejection, urinary biomarkers, serum cytokines, IL-6 receptor, renal biopsy, acute tubular necrosis, infection, antithymocyte globulin, rejection prediction
- MeSH terms
- Acute Disease, Chronic Disease, Graft Rejection, Graft Survival, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Kidney, Time Factors, Antigens, CD, Interleukin-6, Kidney Transplantation, Receptors, Interleukin, Receptors, Interleukin-6
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