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Recipient obesity and outcomes after kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally and is associated with chronic kidney disease and premature mortality. However, the impact of recipient obesity on kidney transplant outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between recipient obesity and mortality, death-censored graft loss and delayed graft function (DGF) following kidney transplantation. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Observational studies or randomized controlled trials investigating the association between recipient obesity at transplantation and mortality, death-censored graft loss and DGF were included. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m(2). Obese recipients were compared with those with a normal BMI (18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)). Pooled estimates of hazard ratios (HRs) for patient mortality or death-censored graft loss and odds ratios (ORs) for DGF were calculated. RESULTS: Seventeen studies including 138 081 patients were analysed. After adjustment, there was no significant difference in mortality risk in obese recipients [HR = 1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.90-1.70, studies = 5, n = 83 416]. However, obesity was associated with an increased risk of death-censored graft loss (HR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01-1.12, studies = 5, n = 83 416) and an increased likelihood of DGF (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.39-2.03, studies = 4, n = 28 847). CONCLUSIONS: Despite having a much higher likelihood of DGF, obese transplant recipients have only a slightly increased risk of graft loss and experience similar survival to recipients with normal BMI.
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“Overweight and obesity after KTx are strongly associated with adverse outcomes.”
From Cognitive-behavioral and dietary weight loss intervention in adult kidney transplant recipients with overweight and obesity: Results of a pilot RCT study (Adi-KTx) (2023) · cites this paper as [11]
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“They reported higher rates of complications early after transplantation, including delayed graft functioning and surgical complications as well as a higher rate of adverse long-term complications such as cardiovascular diseases.”
From Cognitive-behavioral and dietary weight loss intervention in adult kidney transplant recipients with overweight and obesity: Results of a pilot RCT study (Adi-KTx) (2023) · cites this paper as [11]
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“Regarding the association between obesity and graft loss as well as morbidity, the findings are controversial (6, 10–13).”
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Reduced Exposure to Calcineurin Inhibitors in Renal Transplantation
Ekberg, H., Junior, H. T. S., Demirbas, A., Vitko, S., Nashan, B., Gürkan, A., Margreiter, R., Hugo, C., Grinyo, J. M., Frei, U. A., et al. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa067411 · Cited by 1,814
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Lakkis, J. I., & Weir, M. R. (2018) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.005 · Cited by 191
Strategies to Treat Obesity in Patients With CKD
Chintam, K., & Chang, A. R. (2020) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.08.016 · Cited by 112
Management of Obesity in Adults with CKD
Friedman, A. N., Kaplan, L. M., le Roux, C. W., & Schauer, P. R. (2021) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2020101472 · Cited by 99
A Nephrologist Perspective on Obesity: From Kidney Injury to Clinical Management
García-Carro, C., Vergara, A., Bermejo, S., Azancot, M. A., Sellarés, J., & Soler, M. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.655871 · Cited by 91
Oniscu, G. C., Abramowicz, D., Bolignano, D., Gandolfini, I., Hellemans, R., Maggiore, U., Nistor, I., O’Neill, S., Sever, M. Ş., Koobasi, M., et al. (2021) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfab310 · Cited by 84
Metadata
- Authors
- Hill, C. J., Courtney, A. E., Cardwell, C. R., Maxwell, A. P., Lucarelli, G., Veroux, M., Furriel, F., Cannon, R. M., Hoogeveen, E. K., Doshi, M., & McCaughan, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Belfast City Hospital (GB)
- University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
- University of Catania (IT)
- Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra (PT)
- University of Louisville (US)
- Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
- Wayne State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hill, Christopher J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2015-06-04
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1403-1411
- ISSN
- 0931-0509 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2385
- OpenAlex
- W2188967216
- Cited by
- 201
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 2.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Kidney Research UK (TF20/2012)
- Public Health Agency (STL/3714/07)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Transplantation › Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Organ Donation and Transplantation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
- Keywords
- kidney transplantation, graft loss, delayed graft function, post-transplant mortality, body mass index, transplant outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Graft Survival, Humans, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Obesity, Risk Factors, Body Mass Index, Survival Rate, Kidney Transplantation, Treatment Outcome, Delayed Graft Function, Transplant Recipients
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