The Protective Effect of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination on Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19: A Multicenter Study From a Large National Health Research Network
Open accessAbstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have been proven to decrease the severity of acute-phase infection; however, little is known about their effect on postacute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Methods: Patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis and minimum age of 18 years with 3-month follow-up postdiagnosis between 21 September 2020 and 14 December 2021 were identified from the TriNetX Research Network platform. The primary outcomes consisted of new-onset or persistent symptoms, new-onset diagnoses, and death and were compared between vaccine and no-vaccine groups. Results: At baseline, 1 578 719 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were identified and 1.6% (n = 25 225) completed vaccination. After matching, there were no differences (P > .05) in demographics or preexisting comorbidities. At 28 days following COVID-19 diagnosis, the incidence of hypertension was 13.52 per 1000, diabetes was 5.98 per 1000, thyroid disease was 3.80 per 1000, heart disease was 15.41 per 1000, and mental disorders was 14.77 per 1000 in the vaccine cohort. At 90 days following COVID-19 diagnosis, the relative risk of hypertension was 0.33 (95% confidence interval [CI], .26–.42), diabetes was 0.28 (95% CI, .20–.38), heart disease was 0.35 (95% CI, .29–.44), and death was 0.21 (95% CI, .16–.27). Differences in both 28- and 90-day risk between the vaccine and no-vaccine cohorts were observed for each outcome, and there was enough evidence (P < .05) to suggest that these differences were attributed to the vaccine. Conclusions: Our data suggest that COVID-19 vaccine is protective against PASC symptoms, new onset of health conditions, and mortality.
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Patients with two-dose vaccination were more likely to have pre-existing comorbidities than those without/one-dose vaccination.
“Notably, other studies showed that patients with two-dose vaccination were more likely to have pre-existing comorbidities than those without/one-dose vaccination [16,24,25].”
From Protective effect of COVID-19 vaccination against long COVID syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [24]
The Results and Table 1 show that, before matching, the vaccinated cohort had higher rates of several pre-existing comorbidities than the no-vaccine cohort. But the paper compares completed vaccination with no vaccination, not specifically two doses with a combined zero- or one-dose group; after matching, most reported comorbidity differences were no longer present. No page number is available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMulticenter observational studies that matched vaccinated COVID-19 patients with those unvaccinated using known risk factors for severe infection showed a lower incidence of long COVID among vaccinated patients through 28- to 180-day follow-up.
“ies that matched vaccinated COVID-19 patients with those unvaccinated using known risk factors for severe infection showed a lower incidence of long COVID among vaccinated patients through 28- to 180-day follow-up [24,34].”
From Protective effect of COVID-19 vaccination against long COVID syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [24]
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- Authors
- Zisis, S. N., Durieux, J. C., Mouchati, C., Perez, J. A., & McComsey, G. A.
- Affiliations
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- University Hospitals of Cleveland (US)
- Corresponding author
- McComsey, Grace A
- Venue
- Open Forum Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2022-05-07
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- ofac228-ofac228
- ISSN
- 2328-8957 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9129153
- OpenAlex
- W4229043262
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 9
- FWCI
- 10.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Open Forum Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Cleveland (UL1TR002548)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- NIH
- NIH Roadmap for Medical Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- COVID-19 vaccination, long COVID, vaccine effectiveness, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, mental illness, mortality
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