The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
CORONARY HEART DISEASE MORTALITY AND ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN FRAMINGHAM
Abstract
The relationship between ethanol consumption and coronary heart disease was examined in the original Framingham Heart Study cohort (1948) with a 24-year follow-up from exam 2 (2,106 males and 2,639 females). Ethanol consumption shows a strong U-shaped relationship with coronary heart disease mortality for male nonsmokers and heavy smokers both in the raw age-adjusted data and in the Cox regression analyses, where ethanol consumption is modeled quadratically. No ethanol effects were found for female nonsmokers. The age-adjusted data suggest a U-shape curve for female smokers, although this was not confirmed by the Cox analysis. Separate analyses relating alcohol consumption to mortality from all causes showed similar effects except that the reduction in mortality for males was much less. For male coronary heart disease mortality, ethanol consumption was subdivided into beer, wine, and spirits consumption. These beverages were also modeled quadratically in the Cox analyses, and all showed strong U-shaped curves for both nonsmokers and heavy smokers. In nonsmokers, beer and wine show greater reductions in coronary heart disease mortality than spirits.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Regression Models and Life-Tables
Cox, D. R. (1992) · Springer Series in Statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4380-9_37 · Cited by 26,297
Covariance Analysis of Censored Survival Data
Breslow, N. (1974) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2529620 · Cited by 1,763
A multivariate analysis of the risk of coronary heart disease in Framingham
Truett, J., Cornfield, J., & Kannel, W. (1967) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(67)90082-3 · Cited by 958
Leger, A. S. S., Cochrane, A. L., & Moore, F. (1979) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(79)92765-x · Cited by 663
ALCOHOL AND BLOOD LIPIDS The Cooperative Lipoprotein Phenotyping Study
CASTELLI, W. (1977) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(77)90176-3 · Cited by 600
ALCOHOL AND MORTALITY: A U-SHAPED CURVE
Marmot, M. G., Shipley, M. J., Rose, G., & Thomas, B. (1981) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(81)92032-8 · Cited by 463
Alcohol and mortality: The Honolulu heart study
Blackwelder, W. C., Yano, K., Rhoads, G. G., Kagan, A., Gordon, T., & Palesch, Y. (1980) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(80)90350-2 · Cited by 201
Drinking habits and cardiovascular disease: The Framingham Study
Gordon, T., & Kannel, W. B. (1983) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(83)90492-1 · Cited by 169
DRINKING AND MORTALITY: THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY
Gordon, T., & Kannel, W. B. (1984) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113879 · Cited by 122
Effect of Alcohol Intake on High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Runners and Inactive Men
Hartung, G. H. (1983) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1983.03330300031029 · Cited by 92
Cited by
Inhibition of oxidation of human low-density lipoprotein by phenolic substances in red wine
Frankel, E. N., German, J. B., Kinsella, J. E., Parks, E., & Kanner, J. (1993) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)90206-v · Cited by 1,647
Ronksley, P. E., Brien, S. E., Turner, B. J., Mukamal, K. J., & Ghali, W. A. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d671 · Cited by 1,610
Rimm, E. B., Williams, P., Fosher, K., Criqui, M., & Stampfer, M. J. (1999) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7224.1523 · Cited by 1,360
Alcohol consumption and mortality among middle-aged and elderly U.S. adults
Thun, M. J., Peto, R., Lopez, A. D., Monaco, J. H., Henley, S. J., Heath, C. W., & Doll, R. (1997) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199712113372401 · Cited by 1,313
Rimm, E. B., Klatsky, A., Grobbee, D., & Stampfer, M. J. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7033.731 · Cited by 992
Metadata
- Authors
- FRIEDMAN, L. A., & KIMBALL, A. W.
- Venue
- American Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1986-09
- Volume
- 124
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 481-489
- ISSN
- 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-6256
- OpenAlex
- W1920543736
- Cited by
- 347
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 3.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: CORONARY HEART DISEASE MORTALITY AND ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN FRAMINGHAM. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114418
- The paper
- FRIEDMAN, L. A., & KIMBALL, A. W. (1986). CORONARY HEART DISEASE MORTALITY AND ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN FRAMINGHAM. American Journal of Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114418
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
