Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 388

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

EXPLAINING FEAR OF CRIME

BOX, STEVEN, HALE, CHRIS, ANDREWS, GLEN·1988·The British Journal of Criminology

Abstract

The authors construct a model for explaining “fear” of crime by using the relevant literature to identify possible factors and making out a prima facie case for each by examining data from the second British Crime Survey. Using logit analysis this model is tested on data derived from the same survey. The authors show that such factors as gender, age, race, neighbourhood cohesion, confidence in the police, levels of local incivility, experience of victimisation, perception of risk and assessment of offence seriousness all combine to form a theoretical account of “fear” which has strong empirical support. On the basis of these findings, they conclude by making some suggestions for policies to reduce this “fear”.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a047733

Cites

31 of 31 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 31 references

Cited by

See all 388

Metadata

Authors
BOX, S., HALE, C., & ANDREWS, G.
Venue
The British Journal of Criminology
Published
1988
Volume
28
Issue
3
Pages
340-356
ISSN
  • 0007-0955 (ISSN-L)
  • 1464-3529
OpenAlex
W1747590063
Cited by
388
References
31
FWCI
7.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: EXPLAINING FEAR OF CRIME. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a047733
The paper
BOX, S., HALE, C., & ANDREWS, G. (1988). EXPLAINING FEAR OF CRIME. The British Journal of Criminology. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a047733

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.