The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Low Back Exercises: Evidence for Improving Exercise Regimens
Abstract
Despite the wide variety of exercises that are prescribed for the low back, the scientific foundation to justify their choice is not as complete as one may think, or expect. Thus, the clinician must often call upon "clinical opinion" when selecting exercise. Given that low back tissues may need stressing to enhance their health but too much loading can be detrimental, choosing the optimal exercise requires judgment based on clinical experience and scientific evidence. To assist in developing better exercise programs, this review documents some recent biomechanical evidence from my laboratory and from laboratories of other researchers that has been reported in various publications in an attempt to update clinicians on issues of low back exercise. Among the issues examined are mechanisms of injury; the relative importance of "strength" (ie, maximum force a muscle can produce during a single exertion to create joint torque), "flexibility," and "endurance"; and training to enhance stability. Finally, some specific exercises are described that have been shown to challenge muscle and enhance performance but that are performed in such a way as to minimize loading of the spine to reduce the risk of injury exacerbation. These exercises form a basic program for rehabilitation and maintenance of low back health.
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Citations
Cites
Physical Measurements as Risk Indicators for Low-Back Trouble Over a One-Year Period
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Stabilizing Function of Trunk Flexor-Extensor Muscles Around a Neutral Spine Posture
Cholewicki, J., Panjabi, M. M., & Khachatryan, A. (1997) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199710010-00003 · Cited by 631
The Treatment of Acute Low Back Pain — Bed Rest, Exercises, or Ordinary Activity?
Malmivaara, A., Häkkinen, U., Aro, T., Heinrichs, M.-L., Koskenniemi, L., Kuosma, E., Lappi, S., Paloheimo, R., Servo, C., Vaaranen, V., et al. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199502093320602 · Cited by 615
Nonoperative Treatment of Herniated Lumbar Intervertebral Disc with Radiculopathy: An Outcome Study
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MAYER, T. G., GATCHEL, R. J., KISHINO, N., KEELEY, J., CAPRA, P., MAYER, H., BARNETT, J., & MOONEY, V. (1985) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-198507000-00002 · Cited by 420
Newest Knowledge of Low Back Pain A Critical Look
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Static back endurance and the risk of low-back pain
Luoto, S., Heliövaara, M., Hurri, H., & Alaranta, H. (1995) · Clinical Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/0268-0033(95)00002-3 · Cited by 321
Strength and fitness and subsequent back injuries in firefighters
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Cited by
Childs, J. D., Fritz, J. M., Flynn, T. W., Irrgang, J. J., Johnson, K. K., Majkowski, G. R., & Delitto, A. (2004) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-12-200412210-00008 · Cited by 801
Hicks, G. E., Fritz, J. M., Delitto, A., & McGill, S. M. (2005) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2005.03.033 · Cited by 621
Electromyographic Analysis of Core Trunk, Hip, and Thigh Muscles During 9 Rehabilitation Exercises
Ekstrom, R. A., Donatelli, R. A., & Carp, K. C. (2007) · Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2007.2471 · Cited by 594
Brennan, G. P., Fritz, J. M., Hunter, S. J., Thackeray, A., Delitto, A., & Erhard, R. E. (2006) · Spine · doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000202807.72292.a8 · Cited by 448
Koumantakis, G. A., Watson, P. J., & Oldham, J. A. (2005) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/85.3.209 · Cited by 433
Metadata
- Authors
- McGill, S. M.
- Venue
- Physical Therapy
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1998-07-01
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 754-765
- ISSN
- 0031-9023 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-6724
- OpenAlex
- W2214069893
- Cited by
- 353
- References
- 18
- FWCI
- 5.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
