The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis
Open accessAbstract
Recent studies have linked infectious agents to schizophrenia. The largest number of studies has involved the analysis of Toxoplasma gondii; these studies were subjected to a meta-analysis. Published articles and abstracts were identified by searches of MEDLINE, Ovid, and Google Scholar; by a search of Chinese publications; through letters to researchers; and by visiting China. Published and unpublished controlled studies that used serological methods for measuring T. gondii antibodies to assess inpatients and/or outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia were selected for analysis, and source documents were translated as needed. Forty-two studies carried out in 17 countries over 5 decades were identified; 23 of these (6 unpublished) met selection criteria. The combined odds ratio (OR) was 2.73 (95% confidence interval, 2.10 to 3.60; chi-square with 1 df 263; P < .000001). Seven studies that included only patients with first-episode schizophrenia (OR 2.54) did not differ significantly from 16 studies that included patients in all clinical phases (OR 2.79). The results suggest that individuals with schizophrenia have an increased prevalence of antibodies to T. gondii. This association is consistent with other epidemiological studies as well as with animal studies. Although the OR of 2.73 is modest, it exceeds that for genetic or other environmental factors identified to date and suggests that Toxoplasma is in some way associated with a large number of cases of schizophrenia. If an etiological association can be proven, it would have implications for the design of measures for the prevention and treatment of this disease.
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Cites
Seasonality of births in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a review of the literature
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Self-citationMaternal Infections and Subsequent Psychosis Among Offspring
Buka, S. L. (2001) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.11.1032 · Cited by 510
Maternal Exposure to Toxoplasmosis and Risk of Schizophrenia in Adult Offspring
Brown, A. S., Schaefer, C. A., Quesenberry, C. P., Liu, L., Babulas, V. P., & Susser, E. S. (2005) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.4.767 · Cited by 496
“A Gene for…”: The Nature of Gene Action in Psychiatric Disorders
Kendler, K. S. (2005) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.7.1243 · Cited by 401
Grigg, M. E., Bonnefoy, S., Hehl, A. B., Suzuki, Y., & Boothroyd, J. C. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1061888 · Cited by 346
Toxoplasma gondii and Schizophrenia
Torrey, E. F., & Yolken, R. H. (2003) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0911.030143 · Cited by 331
Self-citationMortensen, P. B., Nørgaard-Pedersen, B., Waltoft, B. L., Sørensen, T. L., Hougaard, D., Torrey, E. F., & Yolken, R. H. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.05.024 · Cited by 274
Self-citationJones-Brando, L. (2003) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00357-2 · Cited by 243
Antibodies to infectious agents in individuals with recent onset schizophrenia
Leweke, F. M., Gerth, C. W., Koethe, D., Klosterk�tter, J., Ruslanova, I., Krivogorsky, B., Torrey, E. F., & Yolken, R. H. (2004) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-004-0481-6 · Cited by 226
Self-citationNonaffective Psychosis After Prenatal Exposure to Rubella
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Cited by
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Flegr, J., Prandota, J., Sovičková, M., & Israili, Z. H. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0090203 · Cited by 700
The environment and susceptibility to schizophrenia
Brown, A. S. (2011) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.09.003 · Cited by 664
A meta-analysis of the risk for psychotic disorders among first- and second-generation immigrants
Bourque, F., van der Ven, E., & Malla, A. (2011) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291710001406 · Cited by 566
The Neurotropic Parasite Toxoplasma Gondii Increases Dopamine Metabolism
Prandovszky, E., Gaskell, E., Martin, H., Dubey, J. P., Webster, J. P., & McConkey, G. A. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023866 · Cited by 451
Metadata
- Authors
- Torrey, E. F., Bartko, J. J., Lun, Z.-R., & Yolken, R. H.
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-03-19
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 729-736
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- OpenAlex
- W2118985824
- Cited by
- 503
- References
- 28
- FWCI
- 1.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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