The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Objective and Subjective Sleep Quality in Premenopausal, Perimenopausal, and Postmenopausal Women in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE: Assess objectively measured sleep quality in premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal women. DESIGN: Observational epidemiology study. SETTING: Community-based. PARTICIPANTS: Probability sample of 589 premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal women recruited from state employee records. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Menopausal status was determined by menstrual history, surgical history, and use of hormone replacement therapy. Sleep quality was objectively measured by full in-laboratory polysomnography and by self-reported sleep problems. Linear and logistic regression were used to estimate associations adjusted for potential confounding factors. OBJECTIVE: Sleep quality was not worse in perimenopausal or postmenopausal women, compared with premenopausal women. To the contrary, postmenopausal woman had more deep sleep (16% vs 13% stages 3/4, P < 0.001) and significantly longer total sleep time (388 minutes vs 374 minutes, P = 0.05). Menopausal status was moderately related to self-reported dissatisfaction with sleep but was not consistently associated with symptoms of insomnia or sleepiness. CONCLUSIONS: Menopause is not associated with diminished sleep quality measured by polysomnography. Although perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, relative to premenopausal women, were less satisfied with their sleep, menopause was not a strong predictor of specific sleep-disorder symptoms. Symptoms and signs of sleep abnormalities in midlife women should not be attributed primarily to menopause before ruling out underlying sleep disorders.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study found that peri-menopausal women and postmenopausal women were twice as likely to be dissatisfied with their sleep as pre-menopausal women [96].”
From Non-Pharmacological Treatment of Insomnia (2012) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Although self-reported nocturnal flashes correlate with subjective poor sleep quality, such association is less clear when objective sleep measures are used [96,105,106].”
From Non-Pharmacological Treatment of Insomnia (2012) · cites this paper as [96]
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–371 of 371
Soares, C. N., & Frcpc (2008) · Journal watch · doi:10.1056/wh200804100000001 · Cited by 1
Regestein, Q. R. (2014) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000000242 · Cited by 1
Driver, H. S., & Sloan, E. P. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-84-8086-733-7.00039-5 · Cited by 1
Neuroendocrine aspects of sleep apnea
Yee, B. J., Liu, P. Y., Phillips, C. L., & Grunstein, R. R. (2013) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.3109/9781420020885-16 · Cited by 2
Sleep disorders in menopausal women
Singh, A., Daharwal, A., & Kujur, A. (2017) · International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20172292 · Cited by 1
Practical Approach for the Diagnosis and Management of Insomnia During Menopausal Transition
Saaresranta, T., Polo‐Kantola, P., & Polo, O. J. (2013) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-324-4_19 · Cited by 1
Life Cycle Impact on Sleep in Women
Pengo, M. F., Won, C. H. J., & Bourjeily, G. R. (2020) · Current clinical neurology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-40842-8_3 · Cited by 1
Dautovich, N. D., Riedy, D. R., Ghose, S. M., & MacPherson, A. R. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85484-3_9 · Cited by 2
A Case of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Assessments of Fitness for Work
Hong, S., Kim, Y., Ryu, J. Y., Lee, S., Son, B.-C., Lee, C.-K., & Kim, D. (2014) · Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1186/2052-4374-26-7 · Cited by 1
Jamilian, M., & Jamilian, H. (2015) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 1
Neuroendocrinecorrelates of sleep in the elderly
Buckley, T. M. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511770661.011 · Cited by 1
Baker, F. C., Joffe, H., & Lee, K. A. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-24288-2.00159-8 · Cited by 5
PATTERNS OF SLEEP IMPAIRMENTS IN AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL COHORT OF POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN IN PERUNDURAI
-, M. S. I., & Pauldurai, K. (2018) · Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences · doi:10.14260/jemds/2018/440 · Cited by 1
Pellechi, A. N., & Sedky, K. (2020) · Sleep Medicine and Mental Health · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-44447-1_14
Saaresranta, T., Polo‐Kantola, P., & Polo, O. J. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-042-7_9 · Cited by 3
Menopause and Hormone Replacement Therapy
Büyük, E., & Santoro, N. F. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-046884-6.01133-7 · Cited by 1
Aittokallio, J. (2009) · UTUPub (University of Turku) · Cited by 1
Sleep and Sleep Disorders in Women
Baker, F. C. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1185-1_22 · Cited by 1
Menopause and Hormone Replacement Therapy
Santoro, N. F., & Chervenak, J. L. (2004) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2004.08.001 · Cited by 1
Sleep Characteristics in Breastfeeding and Formula-Feeding Mothers
Rosen, E. C. (2009) · ProQuest Demo Repository · Cited by 1
The impact of railway vibration and noise on sleep
Smith, M. G. (2017) · Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive (Gothenburg University) · Cited by 1
Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome in Premenopausal Women
Bagai, K., & Malow, B. A. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-115-4_10 · Cited by 1
Sleep during transition to and after menopause (or sleep and menopause)
Shaver, J. L. F. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822963-7.00256-5 · Cited by 1
Obstructive Sleep Apnea–Hypopnea Syndrome in Premenopausal Women
Bagai, K., & Malow, B. A. (2013) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-324-4_10 · Cited by 1
Women's Sleep Throughout the Lifespan
Kloss, J. D., & Nash, C. O. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394260454.ch10 · Cited by 1
Hormone Therapies and Menopause: Where Do We Stand in the Post-WHI Era?
Warren, M. P., Titchen, K., & Steiner, M. S. (2009) · Key issues in mental health (Online)/Key issues in mental health (Print) · doi:10.1159/000209607
Special Considerations for the Nonpharmacological Treatment of Insomnia
Manber, R., Bernert, R. A., & Siebern, A. T. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-378610-4.00202-3
Sleep Related Movement Disorders : Association with Menopause and Pregnancy
Wesström, J. (2013) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Schlafstörungen im Klimakterium
Müller, T. (2013) · Schlaf · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1626053
Normal Reproductive and Endocrine Life Stages: The Impact on Sleep Disorders
Goldberg, R. (2013) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-324-4_5
Sleep throughout the menopausal transition and post-menopause
Young, T. B. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511770661.006
Self-citationNot your average treatment effect
Regestein, Q. R. (2014) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000000216
Insomnia Etiology and Comorbidity
Erman, M. K. (2008) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852900003345
Women’s Health and Sleep Disorders
Lee, K. A. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2089-1_53
Menopause, Sleep, and Quality of Life
(2008) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-343-5_51
Pien, G. W., Phillips, B. A., & Collop, N. A. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-1703-7.10058-1
Schlafstörungen in und nach der Perimenopause
Heidbreder, A., & Philipp, K. (2018) · Der Gynäkologe · doi:10.1007/s00129-017-4185-1
Joffe, H., Petrillo, L. F., Viguera, A. C., Koukopoulos, A. E., Silver-Heilman, K., Farrell, A., Yu, G., Silver, M., & Cohen, L. S. (2010)
Migueis, D. P. (2019) · Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research · doi:10.26717/bjstr.2019.14.002609
Sleep and Sleep Disturbances in Climacteric Women
Polo‐Kantola, P., Saaresranta, T., & Lampio, L. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-13936-0_17
Ahmed, M., & Woyshville, M. J. (2006) · Indian Journal of Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5005/ijsm-1-3-125
Women in Childbearing Years: Sleep Disordered Breathing
Lovitz, L. E. (2020) · Current clinical neurology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-40842-8_14
Lee, K. A., & Moe, K. E. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6645-3.00140-7
Kanagasabai, T. (2016) · YorkSpace (York University)
P(Sleep) 2.0: Capturing the dynamics of nighttime sleep using probabilistic models and big dataPreprint
Yetton, B. D. (2019) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/ayqm2
Disentangling the effects of aging and ovarian hormone loss on sleep
Nicoll, G., Almey, A., & Gervais, N. J. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817990-1.00042-1
Sleep and Sleep Disorders in Women
Baker, F. C., Lee, K. A., & Manber, R. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-421-6_19
Predictors of Sleep Quality for Autistic People across the Adult LifespanPreprint
Charlton, R. A., McQuaid, G. A., Bishop, L., Lee, N., & Wallace, G. (2022) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/xv4y7
Neuroendocrine aspects of sleep apnea
Yee, B. J., Liu Peter, Y., Craig, P., & Grunstein Ronald, R. (2011) · Informa Healthcare eBooks · doi:10.3109/9781420020885.013
Sleep disturbances in nurses enrolled in part-time studies
Tomaszek, L., Cepuch, G., & Fugie, B. (2015) · Pielegniarstwo XXI wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century · doi:10.12923/p21w-2015-4/56
Polysomnography in women: is there any difference between childbearing period and menopause?
El-Helbawy, R., Shady, H. M. A., & El-Koa, A. A. (2023) · Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis · doi:10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_117_22
The Impact of Maternity and Working Demands in Women’s Sleep Pattern
Romanzini, L. P., Ishikura, I. A., Pires, G. N., Tufik, S., & Andersen, M. L. (2023) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.06.009
Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie als Behandlung der Insomnie in der Peri- und Postmenopause
Lozza-Fiacco, S., Urech, A., Vorster, A. P. A., & Rudzik, F. (2023) · Journal für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie/Schweiz · doi:10.1007/s41975-023-00317-8
Rodenbeck, A. (2020) · Springer Reference Medizin · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54672-3_208-1
Clinical Symptoms and Quality of Life: Insomnia and Muscle/Joint Aches
Blümel, J. E., Vallejo, M. S., & Arteaga, E. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-83979-5_5
Development of Non-invasive Biomarkers for Chronic Sleep Disorders Using a Mouse Model
Oishi, K. (2025) · Nippon Eiyo Shokuryo Gakkaishi · doi:10.4327/jsnfs.78.79
Rodenbeck, A. (2025) · Springer Reference Medizin · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-65186-5_208
Sex differences in sleep health
Meers, J. M., Stout-Aguilar, J., & Nowakowski, S. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13954-3.00022-x · Cited by 1
The relationship between hot flash beliefs and insomnia symptoms in menopausal women
Caizaguano, D., Law, C., Gunthert, K. C., & Behar, E. (2025) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000002697
Subjective menopausal hot flashes in sleep disturbance: does the timing of hot flashes matter?
Law, C., Gunthert, K. C., Sokolovsky, A. W., & Behar, E. (2025) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000002712 · Cited by 1
Medicinal herbs in maintenance of menopause
POPOVIC, V. M. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-33152-7.00023-5
Hartley, S., Fernández-Bolaños, M., & Dagneaux, S. (2026) · Médecine du Sommeil · doi:10.1016/j.msom.2026.02.003
Sleep disturbances in midlife women: prevalence, correlates, and treatments
Jakubowski, K. (2026) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000002776
Leveraging STRAW +10 criteria to evaluate menopause stage effects on sleep quality
Wood, S. C., van Doorn, J., Bookheimer, S. Y., et al. (2026) · Climacteric · doi:10.1080/13697137.2026.2675563
Shillito, J., Aghayan, M., Jakobi, J. M., Jessri, M., Liu-Ambrose, T. Y. L., & Purcell, S. A. (2026) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000002805
Sleep quality and caregiver burden in Alzheimer's disease: focus on sex differences
Luca, A., Piccoli, T., Marco, S. D., Nicoletti, A. S. Q., Coco, D. L., Rolandi, E., Sensi, S. L., Russo, M., Ferri, R., Sucapane, P., et al. (2026) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2026.109185
Study of women veterans in menopause
Rouen, P. A. (2009) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan)
Hachul, H., Bittencourt, L. R. A., Andersen, M. L., Haidar, M. A., Baracat, E. C., & Tufik, S. (2008) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2008.07.009 · Cited by 101
Metadata
- Authors
- Young, T., Rabago, D., Zgierska, A., Austin, D., & Finn, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Young, Terry
- Venue
- SLEEP
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2003-09-01
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 667-672
- ISSN
- 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-9109
- OpenAlex
- W172588831
- Cited by
- 371
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 21.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- SLEEP (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG1412)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL062252, HL62252)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR03186)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- sleep quality, menopause, perimenopause, postmenopausal women, premenopausal women, slow-wave sleep, total sleep time, sleep dissatisfaction, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, sleep disorders, Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Climacteric, Female, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Middle Aged, Population Surveillance, Probability, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Sleep Stages, Vasomotor System, Cohort Studies, Body Mass Index, Polysomnography, Premenopause, Postmenopause
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review