Cited by 493Sleep and related disordersObstructive Sleep Apnea ResearchAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 63 of the 63 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Insomnia in a Population-Based Sample

Open access

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Despite the high prevalence of insomnia, there is little information about its incidence and risk factors. This study estimated the incidence of insomnia and examined potential risk factors in a cohort of good sleepers followed over a one-year period. METHODS: Participants were 464 good sleepers who completed 3 postal evaluations over a one-year period (i.e., baseline, 6 months, and 12 months). Questionnaires assessed sleep, psychological and personality variables, stressful life events and coping skills, and health-related quality of life. Participants were categorized into 3 subgroups: (a) good sleepers (i.e., participants who remained good sleepers at the 3 assessments), (b) insomnia symptoms incident cases (i.e., developed insomnia symptoms either at 6- or 12-month follow-up), and (c) insomnia syndrome incident cases (i.e., developed an insomnia syndrome either at 6- or 12- month follow-up). RESULTS: One-year incidence rates were 30.7% for insomnia symptoms and 7.4% for insomnia syndrome. These rates decreased to 28.8% and 3.9% for those without prior lifetime episode of insomnia. Compared to good sleepers and insomnia symptoms incident cases, insomnia syndrome incident cases presented a premorbid psychological vulnerability to insomnia, characterized by higher depressive and anxiety symptoms, lower extraversion, higher arousability, and poorer self-rated mental health at baseline. They also presented a higher level of bodily pain and a poorer general health. Five variables were associated with a new onset of an insomnia syndrome: previous episode of insomnia, positive family history of insomnia, higher arousability predisposition, poorer self-rated general health, and higher bodily pain. CONCLUSION: The one-year insomnia incidence rate was very high and several psychological and health factors were associated with new onset insomnia. Improved knowledge about the nature of these predisposing factors would be helpful to guide the development of effective public health prevention and intervention programs to promote better sleep quality.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/sleep/32.8.1027

Cites

63 of 63 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 62 references

Research works printed but not linked: 11

  1. 1991, The varied nature of insomnia, Cases studies in insomnia, 1
  2. National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIH State-of-the-science conference statement: Manifestations and management of chronic insomnia in adults, 2005. (http://consensus.nih.gov/2005/2005InsomniaSOS026html.htm).
  3. 1965, Survey sampling
  4. World Health Organization [WHO], 1992, The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioral disorder: diagnostic criteria for research (10th revision)
  5. Évaluation de l'insomnie: Validation de trois questionnaires, 447
  6. 1996, Manuel de l'inventaire de dépression de Beck, 2ème édition. Toronto, ON, Canada: The Psychological Corporation
  7. 1992, Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual
  8. 1992, Traduction française de l'inventaire de personnalité NEO-FFI [A French translation of the NEO-FFI]
  9. 2002, How to score version 2 of the SF-12 health survey
  10. SAS Institute, 2004, SAS/STAT 9.1 User's Guide, Volumes 1–7
  11. 1995, Experimental design

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 493

Metadata

Authors
LeBlanc, M., Mérette, C., Savard, J., Ivers, H., Baillargeon, L., & Morin, C. M.
Affiliations
  • Université Laval (CA)
  • Centre hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CA)
Venue
Sleep
Published
2009-08
Volume
32
Issue
8
Pages
1027-1037
ISSN
  • 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
  • 1550-9109
OpenAlex
W121521060
Cited by
493
References
62
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 29
FWCI
26.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • SLEEP (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Corpus Université Laval (Université Laval) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Sleep Foundation
  • Eli Lilly and Company
  • Pfizer
  • Sanofi
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
insomnia, risk factors, good sleepers, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, extraversion, arousability, bodily pain, self-rated health, health-related quality of life, life events, coping strategies, sleep quality
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Arousal, Attitude to Health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Life Change Events, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Pain, Quality of Life, Quebec, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Syndrome, Comorbidity, Incidence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review