The DOI matches its Crossref record; 78 of the 78 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Punishment Gap: School Suspension and Racial Disparities in Achievement
Abstract
While scholars have studied the racial “achievement gap” for several decades, the mechanisms that produce this gap remain unclear. In this article, we propose that school discipline is a crucial, but under-examined, factor in achievement differences by race. Using a large hierarchical and longitudinal data set comprised of student and school records, we examine the impact of student suspension rates on racial differences in reading and math achievement. This analysis—the first of its kind—reveals that school suspensions account for approximately one-fifth of black-white differences in school performance. The findings suggest that exclusionary school punishment hinders academic growth and contributes to racial disparities in achievement. We conclude by discussing the implications for racial inequality in education. Mientras que los eruditos han estudiado la "brecha racial educativa" desde hace varias décadas, los mecanismos que producen este vacío no están claros. En este trabajo, proponemos que la disciplina escolar es muy importante, pero poco examinada en el factor en las diferencias de rendimiento según la raza. Utilizando un conjunto de datos de jerárquica y datos longitudinales compuestos por registros escolares de estudiantes, examinamos el impacto de los tipos de suspensión de los estudiantes y las diferencias raciales en la lectura y el rendimiento en matemáticas. Este análisis es primero de su tipo y revela que las suspensiones escolares representan aproximadamente una quinta parte de las diferencias entre el rendimiento escolar entre negros-blancos. Los hallazgos sugieren que el castigo de la escuela de exclusión dificulta el crecimiento académico y contribuye a las disparidades raciales en el rendimiento académico. Concluimos con una discusión de las implicaciones para la desigualdad racial en la educación.
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Sewell, W. H., Coleman, J. S., Campbell, E. Q., Hobson, C. J., McPartland, J., Mood, A. M., Weinfeld, F. D., & York, R. L. (1967) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2091094 · Cited by 2,753
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Cited by
Bernard, D. L., Calhoun, C. D., Banks, D. E., Halliday, C. A., Hughes-Halbert, C., & Danielson, C. K. (2021) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma · doi:10.1007/s40653-020-00319-9 · Cited by 312
Social and emotional learning and equity in school discipline
Gregory, A., & Fergus, E. (2017) · The Future of Children · doi:10.1353/foc.2017.0006 · Cited by 218
An Examination of Restorative Interventions and Racial Equity in Out-of-School Suspensions
Gregory, A., Huang, F. L., Anyon, Y., Greer, E., & Downing, B. (2018) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.17105/spr-2017-0073.v47-2 · Cited by 127
Effectiveness of restorative justice in US K-12 schools: A review of quantitative research
Darling-Hammond, S., Fronius, T. A., Sutherland, H., Guckenburg, S., Petrosino, A., & Hurley, N. (2020) · Contemporary School Psychology · doi:10.1007/s40688-020-00290-0 · Cited by 107
Are Achievement Gaps Related to Discipline Gaps? Evidence From National Data
Pearman, F. A., Curran, F. C., Fisher, B., & Gardella, J. (2019) · AERA Open · doi:10.1177/2332858419875440 · Cited by 107
Metadata
- Authors
- Morris, E. W., & Perry, B. L.
- Venue
- Social Problems
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-01-08
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 68-86
- ISSN
- 0037-7791 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-8533
- OpenAlex
- W2277341129
- Cited by
- 537
- References
- 78
- FWCI
- 168.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.