The DOI matches its Crossref record; 89 of the 89 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cathepsin cysteine proteases in cardiovascular disease
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is one of the underlying mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases. Cathepsin cysteine proteases have a central role in ECM remodeling and have been implicated in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Cathepsins also show differential expression in various stages of atherosclerosis, and in vivo knockout studies revealed that deficiency of cathepsin K or S reduces atherosclerosis. Furthermore, cathepsins are involved in lipid metabolism. Cathepsins have the capability to degrade low‐density lipoprotein and reduce cholesterol efflux from macrophages, aggravating foam cell formation. Although expression studies also demonstrated differential expression of cathepsins in cardiovascular diseases like aneurysm formation, neoin‐tima formation, and neovascularization, in vivo studies to define the exact role of cathepsins in these processes are lacking. Evaluation of the feasibility of cathepsins as a diagnostic tool revealed that serum levels of cathepsins L and S seem to be promising as biomarkers in the diagnosis of atherosclerosis, whereas cathepsin B shows potential as an imaging tool. Furthermore, ca‐thepsin K and S inhibitors showed effectiveness in (pre) clinical evaluation for the treatment of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, suggesting that cathepsin inhibitors may also have therapeutic effects for the treatment of atherosclerosis.—Lutgens, S. P. M., Cleutjens, K. B. J. M., Daemen, M. J. A. P., Heeneman, S. Cathepsin cysteine proteases in cardiovascular disease. FASEB J. 21, 3029–3041 (2007)
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Cited by
Cysteine cathepsins: From structure, function and regulation to new frontiers
Turk, V., Stoka, V., Vasiljeva, O., Renko, M., Sun, T., Turk, B., & Turk, D. (2012) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.10.002 · Cited by 1,377
The lysosome: from waste bag to potential therapeutic target
Appelqvist, H., Wäster, P., Kågedal, K., & Öllinger, K. (2013) · Journal of Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjt022 · Cited by 772
Cysteine cathepsin proteases: regulators of cancer progression and therapeutic response
Olson, O. C., & Joyce, J. A. (2015) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc4027 · Cited by 699
Specialized roles for cysteine cathepsins in health and disease
Reiser, J., Adair, B., & Reinheckel, T. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci42918 · Cited by 580
Lysosomes as mediators of drug resistance in cancer
Zhitomirsky, B., & Assaraf, Y. G. (2016) · Drug Resistance Updates · doi:10.1016/j.drup.2015.11.004 · Cited by 482
Metadata
- Authors
- Lutgens, S. P. M., Cleutjens, K. B. J. M., Daemen, M. J. A. P., & Heeneman, S.
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-05-23
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 3029-3041
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- OpenAlex
- W2093932892
- Cited by
- 351
- References
- 89
- FWCI
- 6.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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