Cited by 423Simulation-Based Education in HealthcareSurgical Simulation and TrainingInnovations in Medical Education

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Evaluating Clinical Simulations for Learning Procedural Skills: A Theory-Based Approach

Kneebone, Roger·2005·Academic Medicine

DOI 10.1097/00001888-200506000-00006

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Simulation-based learning is becoming widely established within medical education. It offers obvious benefits to novices learning invasive procedural skills, especially in a climate of decreasing clinical exposure. However, simulations are often accepted uncritically, with undue emphasis being placed on technological sophistication at the expense of theory-based design. The author proposes four key areas that underpin simulation-based learning, and summarizes the theoretical grounding for each. These are (1) gaining technical proficiency (psychomotor skills and learning theory, the importance of repeated practice and regular reinforcement), (2) the place of expert assistance (a Vygotskian interpretation of tutor support, where assistance is tailored to each learner's needs), (3) learning within a professional context (situated learning and contemporary apprenticeship theory), and (4) the affective component of learning (the effect of emotion on learning). The author then offers four criteria for critically evaluating new or existing simulations, based on the theoretical framework outlined above. These are: (1) Simulations should allow for sustained, deliberate practice within a safe environment, ensuring that recently-acquired skills are consolidated within a defined curriculum which assures regular reinforcement; (2) simulations should provide access to expert tutors when appropriate, ensuring that such support fades when no longer needed; (3) simulations should map onto real-life clinical experience, ensuring that learning supports the experience gained within communities of actual practice; and (4) simulation-based learning environments should provide a supportive, motivational, and learner-centered milieu which is conducive to learning.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/00001888-200506000-00006

Cites

18 of 18 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance
Ericsson, K. A., Krampe, R. T., & Tesch-Römer, C. (1993) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.100.3.363 · Cited by 9,564
Deliberate Practice and the Acquisition and Maintenance of Expert Performance in Medicine and Related Domains
Ericsson, K. A. (2004) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00001888-200410001-00022 · Cited by 2,988
Expert performance: its structure and acquisition.
Ericsson, K. A., & Charness, N. (1994) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.49.8.725 · Cited by 2,072
A meta-analytic review of the distribution of practice effect: Now you see it, now you don’t
Donovan, J. J., & Radosevich, D. J. (1999) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.84.5.795 · Cited by 696
Factors That Influence Skill Decay and Retention: A Quantitative Review and Analysis
Arthur Jr., W., Bennett Jr., W., Stanush, P. L., & McNelly, T. L. (1998) · Human Performance · doi:10.1207/s15327043hup1101_3 · Cited by 664
Simulation in surgical training: educational issues and practical implications
Kneebone, R. L. (2003) · Medical Education · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01440.x · Cited by 642
Self-citation
A Comprehensive Anesthesia Simulation Environment
Gaba, D. M., & DeAnda, A. (1988) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-198809000-00017 · Cited by 490
The Educational Impact of Bench Model Fidelity on the Acquisition of Technical Skill
Grober, E. D., Hamstra, S. J., Wanzel, K. R., Reznick, R. K., Matsumoto, E. D., Sidhu, R. S., & Jarvi, K. A. (2004) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/01.sla.0000133346.07434.30 · Cited by 425
Anesthesia crisis resource management: Real-life simulation training in operating room crises
Holzman, R. S., Cooper, J. B., Gaba, D. M., Philip, J. H., Small, S., & Feinstem, D. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Anesthesia · doi:10.1016/0952-8180(95)00146-8 · Cited by 312
An innovative model for teaching and learning clinical procedures
Kneebone, R. L., Kidd, J. M., Nestel, D., Asvall, S., Paraskeva, P. A., & Darzi, A. W. (2002) · Medical Education · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01261.x · Cited by 289
Self-citation

Show all 18 references

Sorted by citations

Items 301–400 of 420

The effectiveness of simulation training in the teaching of skills required for sonographic fetal assessment in mid‐trimester pregnancy to novices: A pilot study
Osborne, B., Thoirs, K. A., & Parange, N. (2016) · Australasian Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine · doi:10.1002/ajum.12020 · Cited by 2
Systems Design, Modeling, and Simulation in Medicine
Prescher, H., Hamilton, A. J., & Rozenblit, J. W. (2017) · Simulation foundations, methods and applications · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-61264-5_10 · Cited by 2
Simulation Training and Skill Assessment in Orthopedic Surgery
Khajuria, A., & Mathew, J. (2021) · StatPearls · Cited by 2
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin İlaç Uygulama Deneyimlerine Yönelik Duygu, Düşünce ve Görüşleri: Fenomenolojik Çalışma
ERAYDIN, Ş., & Karabey, T. (2021) · Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.53493/avrasyasbd.872182 · Cited by 2
MaxSim: a novel simulation-based education course for OMFS emergencies
Holden, A. M. (2021) · British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2021.09.001 · Cited by 2
Neonatal Exchange Transfusion
Bruno, C. J., & Glass, K. (2021) · American Academy of PediatricsItasca, IL eBooks · doi:10.1542/9781610022613-ch10 · Cited by 2
Efficacy of an Antimicrobial Reality Simulator (AMRSim) as an Educational Tool for Teaching Antimicrobial Stewardship to Veterinary Medicine Undergraduates
Subasinghe, D. W. D., Balloo, K., Dale, E., Lygo‐Baker, S., Ragione, R. M. L., & Chambers, M. A. (2024) · Journal of Veterinary Medical Education · doi:10.3138/jvme-2023-0148 · Cited by 2
Innovations and Options for ECMO Simulation
Han, P. K., Moga, M.-A., Fitzpatrick, K., Brediger, S., & Allan, C. K. (2020) · Comprehensive healthcare simulation · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53844-6_7 · Cited by 2
Simulation and student transition in restorative dentistry
Fugill, M. (2015) · University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham) · Cited by 2
Use of Clinical Simulations to Evaluate the Impact of Health Information Systems and Ubiquitous Computing Devices Upon Health Professional Work
Borycki, E. M., & Kushniruk, A. W. (2011) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-60960-561-2.ch220 · Cited by 2
Renewing the Tools for Simulation-Based Training in Medical Education: How Situated Cognition Approaches Can Help Us?
Horcik, Z. (2022) · Professional and practice-based learning · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-89567-9_4 · Cited by 1
Collaborative teaching among ultrasonographers, anesthesiologists, and vascular surgeons: its unique role in specialty training for vascular surgeons in developing countries
Zhang, P., Mao, Z., Zhang, Q., & Hu, W. (2024) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2024.1446910 · Cited by 1
Simulation-Based Learning for Pain Medicine: A Scoping Review of Undergraduate Education
Savastyuk, A. Y., Campos, C., & Jowsey, T. (2024) · Australian Journal of Clinical Education · doi:10.53300/001c.128001 · Cited by 1
SOFT SKILLS У ПІДГОТОВЦІ ІНТЕРНІВ-ПЕДІАТРІВ: ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ СТРАТЕГІЇ ФОРМУВАННЯ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ В МЕДИЧНУ ОСВІТУ УКРАЇНИ
Банадига, Н. В., & Лабівка, О. В. (2025) · Медична освіта · doi:10.11603/m.2414-5998.2025.4.15863 · Cited by 1
SIMULATION-BASED LEARNING IN POSTGRADUATE PEDIATRIC TRAINING: INNOVATIVE APPROACHES AND EDUCATIONAL PERSPECTIVES
Лабівка, О. В., & ВАРВАРУК, М.-І. Р. (2025) · Медична освіта · doi:10.11603/m.2414-5998.2025.4.15866 · Cited by 1
Collaborative clinical reasoning in the ICU: how teams construct shared understanding in real time
Lee, C. B., Lai, H.-Y., Lee, C., Chen, M.-M., & Yau, S. (2026) · Advances in Health Sciences Education · doi:10.1007/s10459-026-10575-3 · Cited by 1
Digital Audio for Asynchronous Interactive Learning at an English University
Hawkridge, D. G., Armellini, A., Nie, M., Rodríguez, B. C. P., & Witthaus, G. (2012) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-0137-6.ch025 · Cited by 1
Lecture 9 Interactive Information Visualization and Visual Analytics
Holzinger, A. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-04528-3_9 · Cited by 1
Enseigner l’art de la communication
Odhayani, A. A., & Ratnapalan, S. (2011) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 1
Social Media in the Middle of Nowhere
Ruokamo, H., Eriksson, M., Pekkala, L., & Vuojärvi, H. (2011) · Cited by 1
Design & development of digital learning resource (BMT)
Kadir, Z. A., Baboo, S. B., Rosni, N. S., Rahman, Z. H. A., & Bakar, N. A. (2017) · International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication (IMCOM) · doi:10.1145/3022227.3022234 · Cited by 1
“To acquire such expertise it demands for sustained practice in order to improve specific aspect of the performance [24].”
Background
Fostering Critical Thinking in Undergraduate Nursing Students
LuPone, K. A. (2017) · ProQuest LLC eBooks · Cited by 1
The cloud classroom of the skeletal system
Huang, D. Y. (2017) · New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences · doi:10.18844/prosoc.v4i1.2267 · Cited by 1
“Educational applications have been used in more and more fields (Kneebone, 2005).”
Method
Sharpening the focus on ophthalmology teaching: has anything changed?
Green, C. (2018) · Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology · doi:10.1111/ceo.13445 · Cited by 1
“Atta and Alghambi found that self-directed learning in ophthalmology was not as effective as problem-based learning guided by a tutor, reminding us of the importance of Vygotsky’s ‘zone of proximal development’, within which a learner can make progress in problem solving in collaboration with more capable peers, even…”
Background
Mastery Learning of Toxicology Life Support Skills by ICU & Emergency Toxicology Nurses using Simulation Technology in India
Verma, V. (2019) · Advances in Clinical Toxicology · doi:10.23880/act-16000176 · Cited by 1
“Simulation training may potentially fill this educational void and improve the resuscitation skills of nursing healthcare professionals [4].”
Background
Simulation Medicine
Nelson, B. P., & Katz, D. S. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-63143-1_11 · Cited by 1
Procedural Simulation
Ahn, J. C., & Menon, S. (2011) · Disease-a-Month · doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2011.08.015 · Cited by 1
Simulation
Kneebone, R. L. (2011) · Advances in medical education · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-1682-7_3 · Cited by 1
Self-citation
Surgical Education and Learning Theory
Mottrie, A., Lores, M. P., Puliatti, S., & Gallagher, A. G. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-88789-6_2 · Cited by 1
Simulation for Procedural Skills Teaching and Learning
Sawyer, T., Bergman, L., & White, M. L. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-6106-7_92-2 · Cited by 1
A Study to Design a Learning Tool “Virtual Patient” for Functional Diagnosis and Clinical Reasoning of Respiratory Dysfunction in the Undergraduate Physiotherapy Curriculum
Yadav, V. D., Shrivastava, T., Naqvi, W. M., & Bhurane, A. A. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.35867 · Cited by 1
“The traditional methods for teaching clinical and communication skills are difficult to reflect in the clinical postings and do not transfer well to clinical practice [9].”
Method
Act It Out! Using Simulations for Professional Development to Build Cultural Responsivity
Campbell, D. (2023) · Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups · doi:10.1044/2023_persp-22-00099 · Cited by 1
Adopting Virtual Role Play in Family Medicine Training During COVID-19 Pandemic
Swe, K. M. M., & Bhardwaj, A. (2023) · Acta Scientific Medical Sciences · doi:10.31080/asms.2023.07.1611 · Cited by 1
Simulador de Realidad Virtual en Cirugía Mínimamente Invasiva Basado en la Ciencia del Diseño y el Marco de Validación de Messick
Alvarez-López, F., Saigí-Rubió, F., & Maina, M. F. (2024) · Revista de Educación a Distancia (RED) · doi:10.6018/red.608201 · Cited by 1
“Una alta fidelidad estructural no conduce necesariamente a un aprendizaje superior (Kneebone, 2005).”
Background
Simulation dans la formation des physiothérapeutes et des techniciens en radiologie médicale
Burn, C. L., & Bassin, J. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-2-8178-0469-9_15 · Cited by 1
Einsatz innovativer Lehrmethoden und Herausforderungen in der pädiatrischen universitären Lehre 3 Jahre nach Änderung der Approbationsordnung
Huwendiek, S., Lehmann, R., Simon, A., Hoffmann, G. F., & Tönshoff, B. (2012) · Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde · doi:10.1007/s00112-011-2538-8 · Cited by 1
Simulation for Procedural Tasks
Rivière, É., Asselin, M., Lafleur, A., & Chiniara, G. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815657-5.00027-9 · Cited by 1
Use of Simulation With Standardized Patients in AAC Pre-Service Training: Potentiating Practical Learning
Gutmann, M. L. (2016) · Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups · doi:10.1044/persp1.sig12.38 · Cited by 1
Simulation for Procedural Skills Teaching and Learning
Sawyer, T., Bergman, L., & White, M. L. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-3344-0_92 · Cited by 1
Institute for Healthcare Improvement's 18th Annual National Forum on Quality Improvement in Health Care
White, S. V. (2007) · Journal for Healthcare Quality · doi:10.1111/j.1945-1474.2007.tb00194.x · Cited by 1
Visualization and Simulation Technology in Healthcare - From a technology-centered to a human-centered perspective
Persson, J. (2015) · Lund University Publications (Lund University) · Cited by 1
Stress management in crisis event simulations for enhancing performance
Ignacio (2017) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20170209mi · Cited by 1
“, & Kneebone, R. (2010). The impact of stress on surgical performance: A systematic review of the literature. Surgery, 318-33. Chan, C.K.L., So, W.K.W., & Fong, D.Y.T. (2009). Hong Kong Baccalaureate Nursing Students” Stress and Their Coping Strategies in Clinical Practice. Journal of Professional Nursing, 25(5), 307-…”
BackgroundInfluential
Simulated and standardized patients in health profession education
Schlegel, C. (2016) · doi:10.26481/dis.20160608cs · Cited by 5
Modes of knowing in simulated human pedagogies: The uncanny double of performance in nursing education
Ireland, A. V. (2019) · Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling) · Cited by 1
Reflecting on Exchanged Students' Learning: Bedside Demonstration, Case Reporting and Clinical ReasoningPreprint
Xu, D., Feng, S., Yang, S., Ding, S., Yap, T., Chi, C., Tan, N., Nair, A., Nixon, D., Wee, C., et al. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-461202/v1 · Cited by 1
How does simulation learning contribute to the development of critical thinking skills in athletic training students?
Nicolay, K. (2021) · doi:10.17760/d20412893 · Cited by 1
The effect of using computer simulations as self-directed learning on critical thinking levels in entry-level athletic training students
Martin, R. E., & Schüblová, M. (2008) · Cited by 1
Voice vs. Text Chats: Their Efficacy for Learning Probing Questions by Non-Native Speaking Medical Professionals in Online Courses
Ellis, O. (2016) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
Training Diagnosis and Treatment of Cervical Spine Trauma Using a New Educational Program for Visualization Through Imaging and Simulation (VIS): A First Evaluation by Medical Students
Hedman, L. R., Fahlstedt, M., Schlickum, M. K., Hans, M., Halldin, P., von Holst, H., & Felländer‐Tsai, L. (2012) · Studies in health technology and informatics · doi:10.3233/978-1-61499-022-2-171
“Since there is no statistical comparison with standard methods of training, the present program should be compared with these standard methods in order to judge if this new program adds significant value to medical students’ learning [4].”
Method
Educación en reanimación: cómo reducir la distancia entre las directrices basadas en pruebas y las actuaciones basadas en las mejores prácticas educativas
Hunt, E. A., Fiedor, M., & Eppich, W. (2008) · Clínicas pediátricas de Norteamérica · doi:10.1016/s0186-159x(08)55072-8
Desempenho dos estudantes de enfermagem na inserção de dispositivo supraglótico (máscara laríngea): um estudo randomizado e controlado em manequins
Pedersoli, C. E. (2013) · doi:10.11606/t.22.2013.tde-06012014-155627
Education for Anesthesia in Patients with Congenital Cardiac Disease
Sundar, S., & DiNardo, J. A. (2009) · doi:10.1002/9781444314328.ch2
DEVELOPMENT OF AN OPTIMAL PATIENT TRANSFER TASK SET AND SIMULATION-BASED INTERVENTION TO REDUCE MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURY IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS
O'Donnell, J. M. (2009) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
Avatar : saving lives in virtual worlds
Creutzfeldt, J. (2013) · Figshare
Teaching ol’ Docs new tricks: Simulation in intensive care unit admissions and patients with end-stage cancer*
Burden, A. R., & Bekes, C. (2008) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e31818f2636
Using simulation for achieving competency in the practical procedures of a Critical care nursing programme
Archer, E. (2008) · SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)
Research commissioned and report produced by Policy Analysis for California Education (PACE) and RENNIE CENTER for Education Research & Policy
Plank, D. N., Norton, J., Lazar, T., & Samp, K. (2011)
Teaching Advanced Laparoscopic Skills in Urological Surgery
Sweeney, C., & McNeill, A. S. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-6494-4_8
“That is, straightforward repetition of a task is ineffective unless it is underpinned by a drive to learn and improve [ 15 ].”
BackgroundInfluential
Teacher responses to inquiry-based pedagogy in Irish post-primary schools : case studies on the use of a virtual chemistry laboratory as a vehicle for educational change.
Donnelly-Hermosillo, D. F. (2011) · Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology) · doi:10.34961/5625
Satisfacción de los estudiantes ante una sesión de exploración cardiológica impartida por compañeros entrenados
Rodríguez-Díez, M. C., Zunzarren, G. M., Urdaci, M. A., Ferrer, M., Argota, I. B., Lage-Fernandez, F. J., & Díez, N. (2015) · FEM Revista de la Fundación Educación Médica · doi:10.4321/s2014-98322015000100006
TEKNOLOGIAN HYVÄKSYMINEN JA KÄYTTÖÖNOTTO - INSTRUMENTOIVIEN LEIKKAUSHOITAJIEN KOKEMUKSIA SIMULAATTORIHARJOITTELUSTA
Koskelainen, T. (2012) · Jyväskylä University Digital Archive (University of Jyväskylä)
The Advanced Life Support Group’s View of Hospex
Davis, M., Driscoll, P., Hanson, J., & Wieteska, S. (2008) · Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps · doi:10.1136/jramc-154-03-20
Using Action Methods to Enhance Role-play in Problem-based Learning
Baile, W. F., & Blatner, A. (2014)
Einsatz innovativer Lehrmethoden und Herausforderungen in der pädiatrischen universitären Lehre 3 Jahre nach Änderung der Approbationsordnung
Koletzko, B. (2012)
Maximising role‐play as a learning modality
Hussain, A. (2016) · The Clinical Teacher · doi:10.1111/tct.12575
Revisit to Need for Simulation in Integrated Curriculum
Ali, S. S. (2016) · Annals of Health and Health Sciences · doi:10.5958/2322-0422.2016.00001.1
An Exploration of High-Fidelity Virtual Training Simulators on Learners' Self-Efficacy: A Mixed Methods Study
Holbrook, H. A. (2012) · VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)
A comparison of computer aided learning and traditional didactic lectures for teaching clinical decision making skills to optometry undergraduates
Pancholi, B. (2017) · Aston Publications Explorer (Aston University) · doi:10.48780/publications.aston.ac.uk.00031715
Immersive learning as an assessment and training tool for cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills
Blokhin, B. M. (2018) · Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care · doi:10.15406/jpnc.2018.08.00345
SC13 Developing non-technical skills recognition for junior doctors through joint foundation doctor simulation
Mason, T. (2018) · doi:10.1136/bmjstel-2018-aspihconf.37
SC11 PaED SIM – a paediatric emergency department simulation programme to deliver multi-disciplinary clinical teaching in the management of paediatric emergencies
Holt, A. D., & Jorshary, R. (2018) · doi:10.1136/bmjstel-2018-aspihconf.35
Innovative online training framework supporting immersive scenario-based simulation for clinical decision making and large healthcare community of practice
Joy, B., Chung, L., Harrison, S., Gray, T., Biagini, M., Bardon, N., & Kantianis, G. (2012)
Role of contextualizing a crisis scenario on the performance of a cricothyrotomy procedural task Le role de la mise en contexte d'un scenario de crise sur la performance d'une tache procedurale de cricothyrotomie
You-Ten, K. E., Wong, C., Arzola, C., Cheung, J. H. Y., Friedman, Z., Perelman, S., & Siddiqui, N. T. (2015)
Design and development of e-learning materials for cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Tsaloukidis, N., Michopoulou, V., Zarakovitis, D., & Lazakidou, A. A. (2019) · British Journal of Healthcare Management · doi:10.12968/bjhc.2018.0077
Motivational Dynamics in Simulation Training
Pelaccia, T., & Jaffrelot, M. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815657-5.00011-5
Perbedaan antara metode pembelajaran satu arah dan role-play terhadap nilai obstetri ginekologi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran UMM
Andriana, K. (2019) · MEDICA ARTERIANA (Med-Art) · doi:10.26714/medart.1.1.2019.37-41
Case-based e-learning computer simulator development
Fernández, J. M., Cenador, M. B. G., López-Valverde, N., Gónzalez-Fernández, S., & Sánchez-Ledesma, M. J. (2019) · Ninth International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality (TEEM'21) · doi:10.1145/3362789.3362814
“The advantages of using simulation are multiple [12,15,16,17] and most of them are applicable to our tool: • It allows practicing and training without putting the lives of patients at risk as many times as desired.”
Background
Evaluating the Clinical Implications of an Innovative Anatomy Lab Suturing Curriculum for Physician Assistant Students
Fankhanel, C., Talwalkar, J. S., & Rienzo, R. (2020) · The Journal of Physician Assistant Education · doi:10.1097/jpa.0000000000000287
“Mastery learning theory suggests that effective skill acquisition requires that students receive expert teaching and that they practice the skill repeatedly with regular reinforcement in a low-stress environment.(4,5) Because increasing financial and time pressures limit clinical opportunities for students to practice…”
Background
Learning with Simulations in Healthcare
Keskitalo, T., Vuojärvi, H., & Ruokamo, H. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60013-0_109-1 · Cited by 1
Teaching Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery
Ferris, J. D. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-38234-6_8
مدى فاعلیة تطبیق الواقع المعزز والواقع الافتراضی خلال المشاریع التدریبیة لطلاب جامعة أم القرى
سمرقندی, ن. ح., & یمانی, ه. ع. (2021) · المجلة المصرية لعلوم المعلومات · doi:10.21608/jesi.2021.200314
Simulation for Procedural Skills Teaching and Learning
Sawyer, T., Bergman, L., & White, M. L. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-6106-7_92-1
An investigation into student outcomes and experiences following a physiotherapy curriculum redesign
Lindley, M. (2022) · Sheffield Hallam University · doi:10.7190/shu-thesis-00426
Simulation in plastic and reconstructive surgery: a scoping review
Seifman, M. A., Young, A. B., & Nestel, D. (2022) · International Journal of Healthcare Simulation · doi:10.54531/hnpw7177
Learning with Simulations in Healthcare
Keskitalo, T., Vuojärvi, H., & Ruokamo, H. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-10576-1_109
Assessing Usefulness of Virtual Reality Mobile Application in Flexible Bronchoscope Airway Training (AURA study): A Randomised Controlled Trial
Yau, Y. W., Li, Z., Chua, M. T., Kuan, W. S., & Chan, G. W. H. (2020) · Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore · doi:10.47102/annals-acadmed.sg.2020431
AOA Critical Issues Symposium: Leadership and Education During and After COVID-19
Plancher, K. D., Morrey, B. F., McMahon, G. T., Ruch, D. S., & Petterson, S. C. (2023) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/jbjs.22.01356
A validated benchtop simulation model for flexor tendon repair
Robb, L., & Rust, P. (2023) · Journal of Surgical Simulation · doi:10.1102/2051-7726.2023.0002
El entrenamiento durante la residencia en Neurocirugía
León-Palacios, J. L. (2023) · Spirat · doi:10.20453/spirat.v1i2.4482
Capstone Simulation: A Multipatient Simulation for Senior Emergency Medicine Residents
Schrepel, C. P., Chipman, A. K., Kessler, R. A., Phares, C., & Rosenman, E. D. (2023) · MedEdPORTAL · doi:10.15766/mep_2374-8265.11361
“23,24 In fact, several participants in our study indicated that they would be interested in opportunities to complete the simulation again following the feedback they received.”
Background
Using AR to Teach AR: Learning Outcomes of a Guided, Augmented Reality Hearing Loss and Auditory Rehabilitation Simulation with SLP Graduate Students
Henton, A., & Vansant, M. B. (2024) · Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders · doi:10.61403/2689-6443.1297
Vivencias del paciente estandarizado en población LGBTI y víctimas de violencia sexual: un estudio de grupo focal
Aguiar, L. G., Amado, E. D., Castellanos-Ochoa, M. E., Guerra-Murillo, M. J., Pulido-Antolínez, V., Perilla-Orduz, A., Monsalve, B. D. S. Z., Luna, I. D. S. M., & Munévar, J. M. E. (2024) · Universitas Médica · doi:10.11144/javeriana.umed64-4.vpep
Immersive Mixed Reality Training Enhances Pedicle Screw Placement Skills in Undergraduate Medical Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)Preprint
He, Q., Zhang, Y. L., Li, J., Zhao, Y., Mao, N., & Xiao, Y. (2024) · doi:10.2196/preprints.65717
Perspective Chapter: Innovation and Evolution in Tertiary Education – Assessment and Evaluation
Abdulkadir, Z. S. (2024) · Education and human development · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1004430 · Cited by 1
Simulation
Simpson, T., Reedy, G. B., & Dong, C. (2025) · doi:10.1093/med/9780192848710.003.0005
A Multimedia Approach to Medical Skill Training
Ribeiro, J. C., Fernandes, N. F. M. L., Barbosa, T. P., & da Conceição, H. C. F. (2025) · Advances in medical education, research, and ethics (AMERE) book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-1127-2.ch004
Instructional Framework
Baty, B. J., & Davis, C. R. (2025) · doi:10.1093/med/9780197749258.003.0005
Virtual Reality-Based Simulation for Emergency Nursing Education: Development and Pilot Study of a Cardiac Arrest Scenario
Nalmas, A., Wang, F., Lee, K., Murrell, S., Fiebelkorn, L., & White, C. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT) · doi:10.1109/icalt64023.2025.00094
“Accurate equipment modeling, such as crash carts, is crucial for simulating emergencies, as familiarity improves procedural confidence and skill transfer [20].”
Cultivating Empathy and Compassion Through Sim-Tech: A Reflective Action Research Study Enhancing Community-Based Interventions for Marginalised Groups
Chung, E. Y.-H. (2025) · British Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.1177/03080226251377580
“…as it (1) supports the development of technical skills through practice; (2) provides expert scaffolding to guide learning; (3) situates learning within meaningful, contextualised scenarios; and (4) incorporates the emotional and affective dimensions of professional practice (Kneebone, 2005).”
Quantifying Difficulty in Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery—A Modified Delphi Method Approach
Favier, V., Tewfik, M. A., Nguyen, L. H. P., Rumeau, C., & Gallet, P. (2025) · Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · doi:10.1177/19160216251390285
“6-8 The lack of a clear definition of the level of difficulty also leads to great heterogeneity in training.”

Authors: Kneebone, R.
Affiliations: St Mary's Hospital (GB)
Corresponding author: Kneebone, Roger
ORCID: Kneebone, Roger
Venue: Academic Medicine
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2005-06
Volume: 80
Issue: 6
Pages: 549-553
ISSN: 1040-2446 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/00001888-200506000-00006
OpenAlex: W2054537285
Cited by: 423
References: 18
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 2.06
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Academic Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Education › Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Surgical Simulation and Training
Social Sciences › Education › Innovations in Medical Education
Keywords: simulation-based training, procedural training, medical education, psychomotor skill acquisition, deliberate practice, situated learning, affective learning, student-centered learning environment, skill consolidation
MeSH terms: Computer-Assisted Instruction, Computer Simulation, Education, Medical, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Humans

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Evaluating Clinical Simulations for Learning Procedural Skills: A Theory-Based Approach

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks