The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Content Analysis: Process and Application
Abstract
Content analysis is a research method for analyzing written verbal or visual communication messages. When appited to messages produced in clinical settings, content analysis is a relevant strategy for conducting practice-oriented nursing research. In this paper content analysis is defined and the basic principles of this research technique are discussed. The method for conducting content analysis research is outlined and explained. Finally, an example is provided which demonstrates the application of this strategy for developing clinical nursing knowledge in a critical care setting.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
The qualitative content analysis process
Elo, S., & Kyngäs, H. (2008) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x · Cited by 22,617
Cavanagh, S. (1997) · Nurse Researcher · doi:10.7748/nr.4.3.5.s2 · Cited by 1,133
Nilsen, P., & Bernhardsson, S. (2019) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-019-4015-3 · Cited by 1,014
Communicating CSR: Integrated approach or Selfie? Evidence from the Milan Stock Exchange
Montecchia, A., Giordano, F., & Grieco, C. (2016) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.01.099 · Cited by 69
Brooks, E., & Sjöberg, J. (2020) · Proceedings of the Interaction Design and Children Conference · doi:10.1145/3392063.3394402 · Cited by 15
Metadata
- Authors
- Cole, F. L.
- Venue
- Clinical Nurse Specialist
- Published
- 1988
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 53-57
- ISSN
- 0887-6274 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012321650
- Cited by
- 418
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 2.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Content Analysis: Process and Application. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1097/00002800-198800210-00025
- The paper
- Cole, F. L. (1988). Content Analysis: Process and Application. Clinical Nurse Specialist. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002800-198800210-00025
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
