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Cited by 64Grief, Bereavement, and Mental HealthSuicide and Self-Harm StudiesMental Health Treatment and Access

Major Depression or Uncomplicated Bereavement? A Follow-up of Youth Exposed to Suicide

BRENT, DAVID A., PERPER, JOSHUA A., MORITZ, GRACE, LIOTUS, LAURA, SCHWEERS, JOY, CANOBBIO, REBECCA·1994·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
DOI 10.1097/00004583-199402000-00012
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Abstract

Objective To determine whether the depressive reactions experienced by youth exposed to suicide were uncomplicated bereavement or major depression by examining the longitudinal risk of recurrent major depression. Method The 121 friends and acquaintances of 26 adolescent suicide victims were followed up 1 to 18 months after an initial interview that took place around 6 months after the death of the suicide victim. A demographically similar group of 138 unexposed controls was also followed up. Results The median duration of depression in the 37 subjects who became depressed after exposure was 8 months. The exposed group, compared with controls, had a higher rate of incident depression (RR = 1.7, 95% Cl = 1.0-2.8) during the follow-up period, even after adjustment for previous history of depression and other risk factors for depression. Within the group of exposed subjects, the rate of depression on follow-up was highest in those who developed a depressive disorder before exposure to suicide, intermediate in those who developed depression after exposure, and lowest in those who were not depressed at the first interview after exposure. There was no evidence of an increased incidence of suicide attempts in the exposed group relative to the unexposed controls on follow-up. Conclusions The depressive reactions observed in youth exposed to suicide are most consistent with major depressive episodes on the basis of course and risk of recurrence. Exposure to suicide was associated with an increased risk of recurrent depression but not with an increased long-term risk of suicidal behavior.

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Authors
BRENT, D. A., PERPER, J. A., MORITZ, G., LIOTUS, L., SCHWEERS, J., & CANOBBIO, R.
Affiliations
Allegheny County (US)
Corresponding author
BRENT, DAVID A.
ORCID
BRENT, DAVID A.
Venue
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1994-02
Volume
33
Issue
2
Pages
231-239
ISSN
0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/00004583-199402000-00012
OpenAlex
W2091984975
Cited by
64
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 4
FWCI
5.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01mh044711-06)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH44711)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
suicide bereavement, major depressive disorder, adolescents, recurrent depression, depression incidence, suicide attempts
MeSH terms
Adjustment Disorders, Adolescent, Adult, Bereavement, Depressive Disorder, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Personality Assessment, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Risk Factors, Social Support, Suicide

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