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Cited by 192Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchChild Nutrition and Feeding IssuesGenetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Specifying PDD-NOS: A Comparison of PDD-NOS, Asperger Syndrome, and Autism

WALKER, DARLENE R., THOMPSON, ANN, ZWAIGENBAUM, LONNIE, GOLDBERG, JEREMY, BRYSON, SUSAN E., MAHONEY, WILLIAM J., STRAWBRIDGE, CHRISTINA P., SZATMARI, PETER·2004·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
DOI 10.1097/00004583-200402000-00012
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Abstract

Objective To describe the clinical characteristics of children given a diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) by expert clinicians and to compare these to the clinical characteristics of children given a diagnosis of autism and Asperger syndrome (AS). Method Two hundred sixteen children with autism, 33 with AS, and 21 with PDD-NOS were compared on measures of level of functioning (communication, daily living and social skills, IQ, and age of acquisition of language) and on various symptoms of autism (impaired communication and reciprocal social interaction and a preference for repetitive and stereotyped activities). Results In terms of level of functioning measures, the PDD-NOS children had scores that were between those of the children with autism and those of the children with AS. In contrast, the PDD-NOS group had fewer autistic symptoms, especially repetitive stereotyped behaviors, than both the autism and AS groups (chi2 = 11.06, p =.004). Children with PDD-NOS could be placed into one of three subgroups: a high-functioning group (24%) who resembled AS but had transient language delay or mild cognitive impairment; a subgroup resembling autism (24%) but who had late age of onset or too severe cognitive delays or were too young to potentially meet the full diagnostic criteria for autism; and a group (52%) not fulfilling the criteria for autism because of fewer stereotyped and repetitive behaviors. Conclusions With some revision to current diagnostic criteria, a more homogenous atypical group with significant impairments in social-communication but fewer repetitive behaviors can be differentiated from the more nonspecific PDD-NOS group. This differentiation may lead to better reliability in diagnosis and to further progress in studies of etiology.

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Crossref · 10.1097/00004583-200402000-00012

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  1. Roid, 1997, Leiter Internation Performance Scale-Revised: Examiners Manual, Wood Dale, IL, Stoelting

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Metadata

Authors
WALKER, D. R., THOMPSON, A., ZWAIGENBAUM, L., GOLDBERG, J., BRYSON, S. E., MAHONEY, W. J., STRAWBRIDGE, C. P., & SZATMARI, P.
Affiliations
  • McMaster University (CA)
  • Dalhousie University (CA)
ORCID
ZWAIGENBAUM, LONNIE
Venue
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2004-02
Volume
43
Issue
2
Pages
172-180
ISSN
0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/00004583-200402000-00012
OpenAlex
W2081876348
Semantic Scholar
94b8b340f54c72f9cb0978275647255a65330777
Cited by
191
References
37
Citations by year
2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 19
FWCI
4.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Keywords
pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, autism spectrum disorder, Asperger syndrome, diagnostic criteria, clinical features, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors, social communication deficits, language delay, cognitive impairment, diagnostic heterogeneity, children
MeSH terms
Autistic Disorder, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Severity of Illness Index, Asperger Syndrome

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