Cited by 254Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeural dynamics and brain functionTraumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances

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Relationship of Spikes, Synaptic Activity, and Local Changes of Cerebral Blood Flow

Lauritzen, Martin·2001·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism

DOI 10.1097/00004647-200112000-00001

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Abstract

The coupling of electrical activity in the brain to changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) is of interest because hemodynamic changes are used to track brain function. Recent studies, especially those investigating the cerebellar cortex, have shown that the spike rate in the principal target cell of a brain region (i.e. the efferent cell) does not affect vascular response amplitude. Subthreshold integrative synaptic processes trigger changes in the local microcirculation and local glucose consumption. The spatial specificity of the vascular response on the brain surface is limited because of the functional anatomy of the pial vessels. Within the cortex there is a characteristic laminar flow distribution, the largest changes of which are observed at the depth of maximal synaptic activity (i.e. layer IV) for an afferent input system. Under most conditions, increases in CBF are explained by activity in postsynaptic neurons, but presynaptic elements can contribute. Neurotransmitters do not mediate increases in CBF that are triggered by the concerted action of several second messenger molecules. It is important to distinguish between effective synaptic inhibition and deactivation that increase and decrease CBF and glucose consumption, respectively. In summary, hemodynamic changes evoked by neuronal activity depend on the afferent input function (i.e. all aspects of presynaptic and postsynaptic processing), but are totally independent of the efferent function (i.e., the spike rate of the same region). Thus, it is not possible to conclude whether the output level of activity of a region is increased based on brain maps that use blood-flow changes as markers.

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Authors: Lauritzen, M.
Affiliations: University of Copenhagen (DK)
Corresponding author: Lauritzen, Martin
ORCID: Lauritzen, Martin
Venue: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2001-12
Volume: 21
Issue: 12
Pages: 1367-1383
ISSN: 0271-678X (ISSN-L)
1559-7016
DOI: 10.1097/00004647-200112000-00001
OpenAlex: W2030025902
Cited by: 253
References: 131
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 13
FWCI: 1.82
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Keywords: cerebral blood flow, neuronal activity, synaptic activity, hemodynamic coupling, spike frequency, cerebellar cortex, laminar blood flow, layer 4, postsynaptic neurons, presynaptic inhibition, glucose utilization, pial vessels, functional brain mapping
MeSH terms: Action Potentials, Animals, Brain, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Humans, Synaptic Transmission

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Relationship of Spikes, Synaptic Activity, and Local Changes of Cerebral Blood Flow

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