The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Antipanic Drug Modulation Of 35% CO2 Hyperreactivity and Short-Term Treatment Outcome
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation induces acute anxiety and panic attacks in patients with Panic Disorder (PD). Anti-panic drugs decrease CO2 reactivity after the first days of treatment; however, the clinical meaning of this finding has not yet been established. This study investigated the effects of treatment with tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on CO2 reactivity and compared the relationships between 35% CO2 hyperreactivity modulation and short-term clinical outcome. One hundred twenty-three patients with PD with or without agoraphobia who were hyperreactive to CO2 were randomly assigned to treatment groups with imipramine, clomipramine, paroxetine, sertraline, or fluvoxamine. A double-blind, randomized design was applied. Each patient received the 35% CO2 challenge on days 0, 7, and 30. The severity of clinical symptomatology was measured on days 0 and 30. Decreased hyperreactivity to 35% CO2 in all five treatment groups was already evident after the first week. The decrease in CO2 reactivity at the end of treatment was proportional to the degree of clinical improvement. Multiple regression analyses showed that the decrease in CO2 reactivity after the first week was a significant predictor for good clinical outcome after one month. The results of this study confirm evidence that psychoactive drugs effective in the treatment of PD decrease CO2 hyperreactivity. They also suggest that precocious modulation of CO2 reactivity might fairly reliably predict short-term clinical outcome in patients with "respiratory" PD.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“A study conducted by our group found that in patients with respiratory PD, fluvoxamine and imipramine have weaker anti-panic properties than sertraline, paroxetine, and clomipramine [49].”
From Management of Treatment-Resistant Panic Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [49]
In the citing paper
“In addition, successful treatment of PD, whether by anti-panic medication (Perna et al., 2002) or by CBT (Gorman et al., 2004), reduces anxiogenic sensitivity to carbon dioxide.”
From Feedback of end-tidal pCO2 as a therapeutic approach for panic disorder (2008) · cites this paper as Perna et al., 2002
Citations
Cites
Brief standard self-rating for phobic patients
Marks, I. M., & Mathews, A. M. (1979) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(79)90041-x · Cited by 1,801
False Suffocation Alarms, Spontaneous Panics, and Related Conditions: An Integrative Hypothesis
Klein, D. F. (1993) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820160076009 · Cited by 1,130
Neuroanatomical Hypothesis of Panic Disorder, Revised
Gorman, J. M., KENT, J. M., Sullivan, G. M., & Coplan, J. D. (2000) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.4.493 · Cited by 998
Bianchi, A. L., Denavit‐Saubié, M., & Champagnat, J. (1995) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.1995.75.1.1 · Cited by 922
Ventilatory physiology of patients with panic disorder
Gorman, J. M. (1988) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1988.01800250035006 · Cited by 354
Assessing impairment in patients with panic disorder: the Sheehan Disability Scale
Leon, A. C., Shear, M. K., Portera, L., & Klerman, G. L. (1992) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/bf00788510 · Cited by 319
den Boer, J. A., & Westenberg, H. G. M. (1988) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004850-198801000-00005 · Cited by 288
CO2 vulnerability in panic disorder
Griez, E. J. L., Lousberg, H., & van den Hout, M. (1987) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(87)90001-1 · Cited by 201
Stutzmann, G. E., & LeDoux, J. E. (1999) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-11-j0005.1999 · Cited by 198
Carbon Dioxide Sensitivity in Panic Anxiety
Woods, S. W. (1986) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1986.01800090090013 · Cited by 195
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 8
- van den Hout, 1987, Am J Psychiatry, 14, 788
- Nardi, 1997, J Bras Psiq, 46, 611
- Beckett, 1986, J Clin Psychiatry, 47, 475
- Woods, 1990, J Clin Psychiatry, 51, 505
- Pols, 1996b, J Clin Psychiatry, 47, 539, 10.4088/JCP.v57n1107 · DOI
- Mueller, 1982, Pharmacological Rev, 34, 255
- Lundberg, 1980, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 212, 397
- Pols, 1991, Acta Psychiatr Scand, 84, 585, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb03201.x · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Feedback of end-tidal pCO2 as a therapeutic approach for panic disorder
Meuret, A. E., Wilhelm, F. H., Ritz, T., & Roth, W. T. (2008) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.06.005 · Cited by 159
A validation of the 7.5% CO 2 model of GAD using paroxetine and lorazepam in healthy volunteers
Bailey, J., Kendrick, A. H., Diaper, A., Potokar, J. P., & Nutt, D. (2006) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881106063889 · Cited by 80
Long-Term Pharmacological Treatments of Anxiety Disorders: An Updated Systematic Review
Perna, G., Alciati, A., Riva, A., Micieli, W., & Caldirola, D. (2016) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-016-0668-3 · Cited by 75
Self-citationChanges in respiration mediate changes in fear of bodily sensations in panic disorder
Meuret, A. E., Rosenfield, D., Hofmann, S. G., Suvak, M. K., & Roth, W. T. (2009) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.08.003 · Cited by 67
CO2 exposure as translational cross-species experimental model for panic
Leibold, N. K., van den Hove, D., Viechtbauer, W., Buchanan, G. F., Goossens, L., Lange, I., Knuts, I., Lesch, K., Steinbusch, H. W. M., & Schruers, K. R. J. (2016) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.162 · Cited by 66
Metadata
- Authors
- Perna, G., Bertani, A., Caldirola, D., Gabriele, A., Cocchi, S., & Bellodi, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Milan (IT)
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 2002-06
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 300-308
- ISSN
- 0271-0749 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2318108620
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- panic disorder, tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, imipramine, clomipramine, paroxetine, sertraline, fluvoxamine, treatment outcome prediction, agoraphobia, panic attacks
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Agoraphobia, Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic, Carbon Dioxide, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Chi-Square Distribution, Bronchial Hyperreactivity, Panic Disorder, Treatment Outcome, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Statistics, Nonparametric
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
