Psychopathology in Cocaine Abusers: Changing Trends
Abstract
The authors studied a group of 149 hospitalized cocaine abusers as a follow-up to previous research performed in 1980-82, which had revealed a high prevalence of affective disorder in cocaine abusers. The authors hypothesized that the changing epidemiology of cocaine abuse since that time may have been accompanied by changes in the characteristics of patients seeking treatment for dependence on the drug. The cocaine abusers were compared with 293 other drug abusers to see whether clinical changes over time were specific to individuals abusing cocaine. The authors found slightly more affective disorder in the cocaine abusers when compared with the other patients (26.8% vs. 20.1%), with a significantly higher rate of cyclothymic disorder (11.4% vs. 2.7%, p less than .001). Affective illness was significantly more prevalent in the first-degree relatives of the cocaine abusers when compared with the sex-matched relatives of the other patients (p less than .05). Diagnostic trends changed a great deal, however, between the original 1980-82 study sample and the follow-up 1982-86 sample. The rate of affective disorder decreased over time from 50.0% to 21.0% (p less than .01), and the rate of affective illness in the families also declined, from 31.0% to 11.5% in females (p less than .001) and from 14.3% to 2.2% in males (p less than .001). No such change occurred in the comparison group of opioid and central nervous system depressant abusers. The authors conclude that although a substantial number of cocaine abusers suffer from concurrent affective disorder, this form of premorbid psychopathology has become a less important risk factor for the development of chronic cocaine abuse as cocaine use has become more widespread.
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Numerous studies have shown that the majority of patients who abuse cocaine also abuse alcohol, ranging from 50% to 90%.
“Numerous studies have shown that the majority of patients who abuse cocaine also abuse alcohol, ranging from 50% to 90% [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58].”
From Disulfiram Efficacy in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence: A Meta-Analysis (2014) · cites this paper as [54]
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“Indeed, epidemiological studies have found that most cocaine addicts prefer to drink ethanol with their cocaine as a means of attenuating the negative aspects of the cocaine experience, with between 50% and 90% of cocaine users co-administering ethanol during cocaine binges (Weiss et al. 1988; Grant and Harford 1990;…”
BackgroundADHD and Sleep in Homicidal Men with Antisocial Personality Disorder
Lindberg, N., Tani, P., Porkka‐Heiskanen, T., Appelberg, B., Rimón, R., & Virkkunen, M. E. (2004) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000077940 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Wilens, T., Hahesy, A. L., Biederman, J., Bredin, E., Tanguay, S., Kwon, A., & Faraone, S. (2005) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1080/10550490590924872 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Wilens, T., Spencer, T., & Biederman, J. (1995) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/10673229509017182 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Types of Abuse and Cocaine Use in Pregnant Women
Jantzen, K., Ball, S. A., Leventhal, J. M., & Schottenfeld, R. S. (1998) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/s0740-5472(97)00198-0 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Wai, J. M., Shulman, M., & Nunes, E. V. (2021) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615373970.kb44 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Alcohol consumption is preferred to water in rats pretreated with intravenous cocaine
Knackstedt, L. A., Ben‐Shahar, O., & Ettenberg, A. (2006) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2006.08.012 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Affective correlates of alcohol and cocaine use
Cannon, D. S., Rubin, A., Keefe, C. K., Black, J. L., Leeka, J. K., & Phillips, L. A. (1992) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/0306-4603(92)90061-y · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Masques trompeurs et diagnostics différentiels du trouble bipolaire
Gorwood, P. A. P. M. (2004) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/s0013-7006(04)95430-9 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Psychoactive Substance Use Disorders
Greenfield, S. F., Weiss, R. D., & Mirin, S. M. (1998) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5877-4_7 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationDegenhardt, L. J., Glantz, M. D., Bharat, C., Peacock, A., Lago, L., Sampson, N. A., & Kessler, R. C. (2018) · Drug and Alcohol Review · doi:10.1111/dar.12679 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
- Authors
- WEISS, R. D., MIRIN, S. M., GRIFFIN, M. L., & MICHAEL, J. L.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- McLean Hospital (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
- Published
- 1988-12
- Volume
- 176
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 719-725
- ISSN
- 0022-3018 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1968110132
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- cocaine abuse, mood disorders, cyclothymia, first-degree relatives
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Central Nervous System Depressants, Cocaine, Cyclothymic Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Massachusetts, Opioid-Related Disorders, Risk Factors, Mood Disorders, Substance-Related Disorders
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