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The Perinatal Effects of Delayed Childbearing
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine if the rates of pregnancy complications, preterm birth, small for gestational age, perinatal mortality, and serious neonatal morbidity are higher among mothers aged 35-39 years or 40 years or older, compared with mothers 20-24 years. METHODS: We performed a population-based study of all women in Nova Scotia, Canada, who delivered a singleton fetus between 1988 and 2002 (N = 157,445). Family income of women who delivered between 1988 and 1995 was obtained through a confidential linkage with tax records (n = 76,300). The primary outcome was perinatal death (excluding congenital anomalies) or serious neonatal morbidity. Analysis was based on logistic models. RESULTS: Older women were more likely to be married, affluent, weigh 70 kg or more, attend prenatal classes, and have a bad obstetric history but less likely to be nulliparous and to smoke. They were more likely to have hypertension, diabetes mellitus, placental abruption, or placenta previa. Preterm birth and small-for-gestational age rates were also higher; compared with women aged 20-24 years, adjusted rate ratios for preterm birth among women aged 35-39 years and 40 years or older were 1.61 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.42-1.82; P < .001) and 1.80 (95% CI 1.37-2.36; P < .001), respectively. Adjusted rate ratios for perinatal mortality/morbidity were 1.46 (95% CI 1.11-1.92; P = .007) among women 35-39 years and 1.95 (95% CI 1.13-3.35; P = .02) among women 40 years or older. Perinatal mortality rates were low at all ages, especially in recent years. CONCLUSION: Older maternal age is associated with relatively higher risks of perinatal mortality/morbidity, although the absolute rate of such outcomes is low.
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“Despite this, there remains a scarcity of comprehensive data on the relationship between advancing maternal age and maternal mortality rates [9].”
From Age-related disparities in national maternal mortality trends: A population-based study (2025) · cites this paper as [9]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Joseph, K. S., Allen, A. C., Dodds, L., Turner, L. A., Scott, H., & Liston, R.
- Affiliations
- Dalhousie University (CA)
- Western University (CA)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Venue
- Obstetrics & Gynecology
- Published
- 2005-06
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1410-1418
- ISSN
- 0029-7844 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1982603272
- Cited by
- 400
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 18.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Obstetrics and Gynecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Assisted Reproductive Technology and Twin Pregnancy
- Keywords
- advanced maternal age, delayed childbearing, perinatal mortality, preterm birth, small for gestational age, pregnancy complications, neonatal morbidity, maternal age, placental abruption, placenta previa, hypertension in pregnancy, diabetes in pregnancy, Nova Scotia
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Family Planning Services, Female, Humans, Income, Infant Mortality, Infant, Newborn, Obstetric Labor, Premature, Maternal Age, Nova Scotia, Parity, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Pregnancy Outcome, Prenatal Care, Smoking, Logistic Models
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