The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pathologic Evidence of Degeneration as a Primary Cause of Rotator Cuff Tear
Abstract
Histopathologic, histochemical, and morphometric studies were done on 80 medial stumps of torn rotator cuff tendons to clarify the cause of tears. A high prevalence and diffuse distribution of degenerative changes were observed in the rotator cuff tendons including thinning and disorientation of collagen fibers, myxoid degeneration, hyaline degeneration, chondroid metaplasia, calcification, vascularproliferation, and fatty infiltration. No distinct inflammatory reaction was observed. Thinning and disorientation of collagen fibers, myxoid degeneration, and hyaline degeneration were seen in all cases. All changes except vascular proliferation and fatty infiltration were more pronounced in the middle to deep layers of the tendons than in the superficial layer. The collagen fibers were disoriented in the deep layer of the tendons, shown by microscopic image analysis. The frequency and distribution of thinning and disorientation of collagen fibers, myxoid degeneration, and hyaline degeneration suggest that these are early degenerative processes. Chondroid metaplasia and calcification may be chronic pathologic changes that occur after tearing regardless of the type of tear. Preexisting degenerative change in the middle and deep layers of the tendon in association with microtrauma seems to be the main cause of rotator cuff tears.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Fatty muscle degeneration in cuff ruptures. Pre- and postoperative evaluation by CT scan.
GOUTALLIER, D., Postel, J.-M., BERNAGEAU, J., Lavau, L., & Voisin, M. C. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 2,554
Fatty Muscle Degeneration in Cuff Ruptures: Pre- and Postoperative Evaluation by CT Scan
Goutallier, D., Postel, J.-M., Bernageau, J., Lavau, L., & Voisin, M.-C. (1994) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-199407000-00014 · Cited by 2,150
Kannus, P., & Józsa, L. (1991) · The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-199173100-00009 · Cited by 1,470
NEER, C. S. (1983) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-198303000-00010 · Cited by 1,335
Ozaki, J., Fujimoto, S., Nakagawa, Y., Masuhara, K., & Tamai, S. (1988) · The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-198870080-00015 · Cited by 470
Nakajima, T., Rokuuma, N., Hamada, K., Tomatsu, T., & Fukuda, H. (1994) · Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery · doi:10.1016/s1058-2746(09)80114-6 · Cited by 255
Sano, H., Ishii, H., Trudel, G., et al. (1999) · Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery · doi:10.1016/s1058-2746(99)90092-7 · Cited by 134
Rotator cuff tendinitis: basic concepts of pathoetiology.
Rp, N. (1989) · PubMed · Cited by 103
Fatty degeneration in the supraspinatus muscle after rotator cuff tear
Nakagaki, K., Ozaki, J., Tomita, Y., & Tamai, S. (1996) · Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery · doi:10.1016/s1058-2746(05)80005-9 · Cited by 99
PATHOLOGIC STUDY OF DEGENERATION AND RUPTURE OF THE SUPRASPINATUS TENDON
WILSON, C. L. (1943) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.1943.01220140003001 · Cited by 88
Cited by
Pathogenesis of tendinopathies: inflammation or degeneration?
Abate, M., Gravare-Silbernagel, K., Siljeholm, C., Di Iorio, A., De Amicis, D., Salini, V., Werner, S., & Paganelli, R. (2009) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/ar2723 · Cited by 571
Rotator cuff related shoulder pain: Assessment, management and uncertainties
Lewis, J. (2016) · Manual Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.math.2016.03.009 · Cited by 378
Pathology of the torn rotator cuff tendon: REDUCTION IN POTENTIAL FOR REPAIR AS TEAR SIZE INCREASES
Matthews, T. J. W., Hand, G. C., Rees, J. L., Athanasou, N. A., & Carr, A. J. (2006) · The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.88b4.16845 · Cited by 331
Inflammation is Present in Early Human Tendinopathy
Millar, N. L., Hueber, A. J., Reilly, J. H., Xu, Y., Fazzi, U. G., Murrell, G. A. C., & McInnes, I. B. (2010) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/0363546510372613 · Cited by 287
Subacromial impingement syndrome: a musculoskeletal condition or a clinical illusion?
Lewis, J. S. (2011) · Physical Therapy Reviews · doi:10.1179/1743288x11y.0000000027 · Cited by 77
Metadata
- Authors
- Hashimoto, T., Nobuhara, K., & Hamada, T.
- Venue
- Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
- Published
- 2003-10
- Volume
- 415
- Issue
- 415
- Pages
- 111-120
- ISSN
- 0009-921X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2091281162
- Cited by
- 364
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 3.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Pathologic Evidence of Degeneration as a Primary Cause of Rotator Cuff Tear. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1097/01.blo.0000092974.12414.22
- The paper
- Hashimoto, T., Nobuhara, K., & Hamada, T. (2003). Pathologic Evidence of Degeneration as a Primary Cause of Rotator Cuff Tear. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.blo.0000092974.12414.22
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
