Bundled Payments for Care Improvement: Lessons Learned in the First Year
Abstract
Summary: The Bundled Payments for Care Improvement (BPCI) initiative is the latest cost-saving program developed by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation. This model is intended to create a system for higher quality and more coordinated care at a lower cost to Medicare. It is currently an optional program for physician groups, hospitals and post-acute care providers to benefit financially from improved care models and cost containment measures. Under the initiative, organizations enter into payment arrangements that include financial and performance accountability for episodes of care. Under this initiative, there are certain fraud and abuse waivers in place that allow gainsharing among BPCI organizations and approved providers so long as certain requirements are met. Our practice entered this initiative for total joint arthroplasty episodes of care as well as the hip and femur fracture episode of care. The first year experience demonstrated that a significant learning curve is required. Keys for success include appropriate patient selection for elective surgery, implant pricing control, adherence to preoperative and postoperative protocols, diligent postcare care management, and appropriate choice of metrics to maximize gainsharing potential. Ultimately, the BPCI program has been a successful venture, saving our hospitals over $1.6 million in 2015. In the process, this provided an additional revenue stream for our physicians while decreasing the overall cost of care.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Providers could experience substantial unreimbursed costs of implementing and sustaining EBPs.
“but providers could experience substantial unreimbursed costs of implementing and sustaining EBPs [65].”
From Translating economic evaluations into financing strategies for implementing evidence-based practices (2021) · cites this paper as [65]
Cites
Estimating Hip Fracture Morbidity, Mortality and Costs
Braithwaite, R. S., Col, N. F., & Wong, J. B. (2003) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51110.x · Cited by 914 · see citing works
Chandra, A., Dalton, M., & Holmes, J. M. (2013) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1262 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Siddiqi, A., White, P. B., Mistry, J. B., Gwam, C. U., Nace, J., Mont, M. A., & Delanois, R. E. (2017) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2017.03.027 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Preoperative Education for Hip and Knee Replacement: Never Stop Learning
Edwards, P. K., Mears, S. C., & Barnes, C. L. (2017) · Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12178-017-9417-4 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Pelt, C. E., Gililland, J. M., Erickson, J. A., Trimble, D. E., Anderson, M. B., & Peters, C. L. (2017) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2017.08.003 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Karnuta, J. M., Navarro, S. M., Haeberle, H. S., Billow, D. G., Krebs, V. E., & Ramkumar, P. N. (2019) · Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma · doi:10.1097/bot.0000000000001454 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Cairns, M., Moskal, P. T., Eskildsen, S. M., Ostrum, R. F., & Clement, R. C. (2018) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2018.04.006 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Bundled Payments for Care Improvement: Boom or Bust?
Curtin, B. M., Russell, R. D., & Odum, S. M. (2017) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2017.05.011 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Translating economic evaluations into financing strategies for implementing evidence-based practices
Dopp, A. R., Kerns, S. E. U., Panattoni, L., Ringel, J. S., Eisenberg, D., Powell, B. J., Low, R., & Raghavan, R. (2021) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-021-01137-9 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
The Utility of Basic Metabolic Panel Tests After Total Joint Arthroplasty
Kildow, B. J., Karas, V., Howell, E., Green, C. L., Baumgartner, W. T., Penrose, C. T., Bolognesi, M. P., & Seyler, T. M. (2018) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2018.05.003 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Lack of Cost Savings for Lumbar Spine Fusions After Bundled Payments for Care Improvement Initiative
Bronson, W. H., Kingery, M. T., Hutzler, L. H., Karia, R. J., Errico, T. J., Bosco, J. A., & Bendo, J. A. (2018) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0000000000002812 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Modifying Patient Expectations Can Enhance Total Hip Arthroplasty Postoperative Satisfaction
Padilla, J. A., Feng, J. E., Anoushiravani, A. A., Hozack, W. J., Schwarzkopf, R. M., & Macaulay, W. B. (2019) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2018.12.038 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Bundle Payment for Musculoskeletal Care
Piccinin, M. A., Sayeed, Z., Kozlowski, R. J., Bobba, V., Knesek, D., & Frush, T. J. (2017) · Orthopedic Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ocl.2017.11.002 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Cairns, M., Ostrum, R. F., & Clement, R. C. (2018) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/jbjs.17.00327 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
When Should Complete Blood Count Tests Be Performed in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty Patients?
Kildow, B. J., Howell, E., Karas, V., Baumgartner, W. T., Cunningham, D. J., Green, C. L., Bolognesi, M. P., & Seyler, T. M. (2018) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2018.05.030 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Konda, S. R., Lott, A., & Egol, K. A. (2018) · Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/2151459318795311 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Bundle Payment for Musculoskeletal Care
Piccinin, M. A., Sayeed, Z., Kozlowski, R. J., Bobba, V., Knesek, D., & Frush, T. J. (2018) · Orthopedic Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ocl.2017.11.003 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Clinical Impact of Routine Complete Blood Counts Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Howell, E., Kildow, B. J., Karas, V., Green, C. L., Cunningham, D. J., Ryan, S. P., Bolognesi, M. P., & Seyler, T. M. (2019) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2019.03.016 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing: A Better Way to Understand the Cost of Caring for Hip Fractures
Blaschke, B. L., Parikh, H. R., Vang, S. X., & Cunningham, B. P. (2020) · Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/2151459320958202 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
The Effects of Bundled Payment Programs for Hip and Knee Arthroplasty on Patient-Reported Outcomes
Finch, D. J., Pellegrini, V. D., Franklin, P. D., Magder, L. S., Pelt, C. E., Martin, B. I., Browne, J. A., Davis, C. M., Fernando, N. D., Fricka, K. B., et al. (2019) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2019.11.028 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Murphy, W. S., Siddiqi, A., Cheng, T., Lin, B., Terry, D. P., Talmo, C. T., & Murphy, S. B. (2018) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/corr.0000000000000532 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Rudy, M. D., Bentley, J., Ahuja, N. K., & Rohatgi, N. (2019) · Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · doi:10.5435/jaaos-d-18-00718 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The Role of Value-Based Implants in Orthopedic Trauma
Lybrand, K. E., & Althausen, P. L. (2018) · Orthopedic Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ocl.2018.05.005 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationPadilla, J. A., Gabor, J. A., Kalkut, G. E., Pazand, L., Zuckerman, J. D., Macaulay, W. B., Bosco, J. A., & Slover, J. D. (2019) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/jbjs.19.00238 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Effectiveness of a Model Bundle Payment Initiative for Femur Fracture Patients
Lott, A., Belayneh, R., Haglin, J. M., Konda, S. R., & Egol, K. A. (2018) · Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma · doi:10.1097/bot.0000000000001229 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Nonmodular Stems Are a Viable Alternative to Modular Stems in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty
Clair, A. J., Cizmic, Z., Vigdorchik, J. M., Poultsides, L. A., Schwarzkopf, R. M., Rathod, P. A., & Deshmukh, A. J. (2019) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2019.03.007 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
A Review of Bundled Payments in Total Joint Replacement
Manickas-Hill, O., Feeley, T. W., & Bozic, K. J. (2019) · JBJS Reviews · doi:10.2106/jbjs.rvw.18.00169 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Effects of Health Care Payment Models on Physician Practice in the United States: Follow-Up Study
Friedberg, M. W., Chen, P., Simmons, M. M., Sherry, T. B., Mendel, P. J., Raaen, L., Ryan, J., Orr, P., Vargo, C., Carlasare, L. E., et al. (2018) · Rand health quarterly · doi:10.7249/rhq-09-01-01 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Alternative Payment Models in Total Joint Arthroplasty Under the Affordable Care Act
Cizmic, Z., Novikov, D., Feng, J. E., Iorio, R. R., & Meftah, M. (2019) · JBJS Reviews · doi:10.2106/jbjs.rvw.18.00061 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Payer type does not impact patient-reported outcomes after primary total knee arthroplasty
Feng, J. E., Gabor, J. A., Anoushiravani, A. A., Long, W. J., Vigdorchik, J. M., Meere, P. A., Iorio, R. R., Schwarzkopf, R. M., & Macaulay, W. B. (2019) · Arthroplasty Today · doi:10.1016/j.artd.2018.11.004 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A Bundled Payment Model for Pediatric Distal Radius Fractures: Defining an Episode of Care
Godfrey, J. M., Little, K. J., Cornwall, R., & Sitzman, T. J. (2018) · Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · doi:10.1097/bpo.0000000000001286 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The Impact of Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement Bundled Payment Program on Care Delivery
Sood, N., Shier, V., Nakata, H., Iorio, R. R., & Lieberman, J. R. (2018) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2018.11.034 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Bundled Payment Initiative for Hip Fracture Arthroplasty Patients: One Institution's Experience
Lott, A., Haglin, J. M., Belayneh, R., Konda, S. R., & Egol, K. A. (2018) · Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma · doi:10.1097/bot.0000000000001378 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Economic Analysis of Anatomic Plating Versus Tubular Plating for the Treatment of Fibula Fractures
Chang, G., Bhat, S. B., Raikin, S. M., Kane, J. M., Kay, A. B., Ahmad, J., Pedowitz, D. I., & Krieg, J. C. (2018) · Orthopedics · doi:10.3928/01477447-20180213-01 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Alternative Payment Models in Total Joint Arthroplasty
Feng, J. E., Padilla, J. A., Gabor, J. A., Cizmic, Z., Novikov, D., Anoushiravani, A. A., Bosco, J. A., Iorio, R. R., & Meftah, M. (2019) · JBJS Reviews · doi:10.2106/jbjs.rvw.18.00126 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Keswani, A. H., Snyder, D., Ahn, A., Austin, D. C., Jayakumar, P., Grauer, J. N., Poeran, J., Bozic, K. J., Moschetti, W. E., Jevsevar, D. S., et al. (2020) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2020.10.007 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Casnovsky, L., Blaschke, B. L., Parikh, H. R., Flagstad, I. R., Wise, K. L., McMillan, L. J., Gorman, T. L., Okelana, A. B., Horst, P. K., & Cunningham, B. P. (2020) · Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/2151459320959005 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
McConaghy, K. M., Warren, J. A., Siddiqi, A., Murray, T. G., Molloy, R. M., & Piuzzi, N. S. (2021) · European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology · doi:10.1007/s00590-021-02942-0 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Shulman, B. S., Hutzler, L. H., Karia, R. J., & Bosco, J. A. (2018) · Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · doi:10.5435/jaaos-d-17-00552 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Gainsharing Contracts for CMS’ Episode‐Based Payment Models
Gupta, D., Mehrotra, M., & Tang, X. (2020) · Production and Operations Management · doi:10.1111/poms.13322 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Bernstein, J. A., Yeroushalmi, D., Slover, J. D., & Bosco, J. A. (2020) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2020.04.001 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Delanois, R. E., Gwam, C. U., Cherian, J. J., Etcheson, J. I., Castrodad, I. M. D., Spindler, K. P., & Mont, M. A. (2018) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2018.10.002 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Peng, H., Xu, Y., Ci, P.-W., Zhang, J., Zhang, B., & Weng, X. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.733206 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Does an Implant Usage Report Card Impact Orthopaedic Trauma Implant Stewardship?
Morellato, J., Baker, M., Isaac, M., Mixa, P. J., O’Hara, N. N., Okike, K. M., Manson, T. T., Lebrun, C. T., Slobogean, G. P., Nascone, J. W., et al. (2019) · Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma · doi:10.1097/bot.0000000000001557 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Temporal Trends in Hip Fractures: How Has Time-to-Surgery Changed?
Nayar, S. K., Marrache, M., Bressner, J. A., Raad, M., Shafiq, B., & Srikumaran, U. (2021) · PubMed Central · doi:10.22038/abjs.2020.46195.2268 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The Role of Business Education in the Orthopedic Curriculum
Althausen, P. L., & Lybrand, K. E. (2018) · Orthopedic Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ocl.2018.05.006 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationOrthopaedic Trauma Care Payment Reform? Not Quite Yet!!
Borrelli, J. (2018) · Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma · doi:10.1097/bot.0000000000001274 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Drivers of Episode-of-Care Costs in Total Knee Arthroplasty
D’Amore, T., & Courtney, P. M. (2021) · Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics · doi:10.1016/j.oto.2021.100903 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Lavu, M. S., Hecht, C. J., McNassor, R. S., Burkhart, R. J., & Kamath, A. F. (2023) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2023.05.077 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Utility of postoperative hemoglobin testing following total shoulder arthroplasty
Belay, E. S., Flamant, E. M., Sugarman, B. S., Goltz, D. E., Klifto, C. S., & Anakwenze, O. A. (2020) · JSES International · doi:10.1016/j.jseint.2020.07.020 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Morellato, J., O’Hara, N. N., Baker, M., O’Toole, R. V., & Pollak, A. N. (2020) · Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma · doi:10.1097/bot.0000000000001967 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The impact of social deprivation on healthcare utilization patterns following rotator cuff repair
Boxtel, M. V., Cinquegrani, E., Middleton, A. H., Graf, A., Hanley, J., & LoGiudice, A. J. (2024) · Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jse.2024.01.038 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The effect of social deprivation on hospital utilization following shoulder arthroplasty
Boxtel, M. V., Miller, B., Valiquette, A. M., Johnson, A. L., & Graf, A. (2024) · Seminars in Arthroplasty JSES · doi:10.1053/j.sart.2024.04.005 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The Hip and Femur Fracture Bundle: Preliminary Findings From a Tertiary Hospital
Cooper, K. B., Mears, S. C., Siegel, E. R., Stambough, J. B., Bumpass, D. B., & Cherney, S. M. (2022) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2022.03.059 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Manner, P. A. (2019) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/corr.0000000000000626 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The Northern Nevada Orthopaedic Trauma System
Bray, T. J., O’Mara, T. J., Walker, J. A., & Swanson, D. C. (2021) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/jbjs.20.01462 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Bundled Payments for Bariatric Surgery
Northup, C. J., & Scott, J. D. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25173-4_19
Understanding Alternative Payment Models
Schwartz, A. J., & Bozic, K. J. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-41223-4_2
Use of a Modified Rep Model in Primary Joint Arthroplasty: Lessons Learned
Meftah, M., Siddappa, V. H., Johnson, N., White, P. B., Mack, A. D., Skoller, M., & Kirschenbaum, I. H. (2020) · Orthopedics · doi:10.3928/01477447-20200827-07
Gustke, K. A., & Boness, P. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-26415-3_3
Making the Transition to Outpatient: Resources and Pathway Changes
Edwards, P. K., Stambough, J. B., Mears, S. C., & Barnes, C. L. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-27037-6_16
Pandey, V. N., Moore, J. W., Thomas, S. K., Guareschi, A. S., Rogalski, B. L., Eichinger, J. K., & Friedman, R. J. (2024) · Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jse.2024.08.023
Shah, A. A., Zukotynski, B. K., Kim, C., Shi, B. Y., Lee, C., Devana, S. K., Upfill-Brown, A. M., Mayer, E. N., SooHoo, N. F., & Lee, C. (2025) · OTA International The Open Access Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma · doi:10.1097/oi9.0000000000000364
- Authors
- Althausen, P. L., & Mead, L.
- Venue
- Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- S50-S53
- ISSN
- 0890-5339 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2554206765
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 24.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Healthcare Policy and Management
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Healthcare Quality and Management
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare cost, quality, practices
- Keywords
- Bundled Payments for Care Improvement, Medicare payment reform, cost containment, total joint arthroplasty, hip fracture, femoral fracture, gainsharing, episode of care, performance indicators, learning curve, hospital cost savings
- MeSH terms
- Cost Control, Medicare, Insurance, Health, Reimbursement, Nevada, United States, Models, Economic, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Quality Improvement, Patient Care Bundles
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review