CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 392Spine and Intervertebral Disc PathologyMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationPain Management and Treatment

The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 199 of the 199 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Nonsurgical Interventional Therapies for Low Back Pain: A Review of the Evidence for an American Pain Society Clinical Practice Guideline

Chou, Roger, Atlas, Steven J., Stanos, Steven P., Rosenquist, Richard W.·2009·Spine
DOI 10.1097/brs.0b013e3181a103b1
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review. OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess benefits and harms of nonsurgical interventional therapies for low back and radicular pain. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Although use of certain interventional therapies is common or increasing, there is also uncertainty or controversy about their efficacy. METHODS: Electronic database searches on Ovid MEDLINE and the Cochrane databases were conducted through July 2008 to identify randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews of local injections, botulinum toxin injection, prolotherapy, epidural steroid injection, facet joint injection, therapeutic medial branch block, sacroiliac joint injection, intradiscal steroid injection, chemonucleolysis, radiofrequency denervation, intradiscal electrothermal therapy, percutaneous intradiscal radiofrequency thermocoagulation, Coblation nucleoplasty, and spinal cord stimulation. All relevant studies were methodologically assessed by 2 independent reviewers using criteria developed by the Cochrane Back Review Group (for trials) and by Oxman (for systematic reviews). A qualitative synthesis of results was performed using methods adapted from the US Preventive Services Task Force. RESULTS: For sciatica or prolapsed lumbar disc with radiculopathy, we found good evidence that chemonucleolysis is moderately superior to placebo injection but inferior to surgery, and fair evidence that epidural steroid injection is moderately effective for short-term (but not long-term) symptom relief. We found fair evidence that spinal cord stimulation is moderately effective for failed back surgery syndrome with persistent radiculopathy, though device-related complications are common. We found good or fair evidence that prolotherapy, facet joint injection, intradiscal steroid injection, and percutaneous intradiscal radiofrequency thermocoagulation are not effective. Insufficient evidence exists to reliably evaluate other interventional therapies. CONCLUSION: Few nonsurgical interventional therapies for low back pain have been shown to be effective in randomized, placebo-controlled trials.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/brs.0b013e3181a103b1

Cites

199 of 199 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

1 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 46

  1. Bogduk, 2005, Pain Med, 6, 30
  2. van Tulder, 2003, Spine, 28, 1290
  3. Bombardier, 2001, J Rheumatol, 28, 431
  4. Andersson, 2006, Pain Physician, 9, 237
  5. Dagenais, 2007, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, &NA;, CD004059
  6. Geurts, 2001, Reg Anesth Pain Med, 26, 394
  7. Gibson, 2005, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, &NA;, CD001352
  8. Gibson, 2007, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, &NA;, CD001350
  9. Mailis-Gagnon, 2004, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, &NA;, CD003783
  10. Niemisto, 2003, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, &NA;, CD004058
  11. Staal, 2008, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, &NA;, CD001824
  12. Bonetti, 2005, Am J Neuroradiol, 26, 996
  13. Luukkainen, 2002, Clin Exp Rheumatol, 20, 52
  14. Nash, 1989, Pain Clinic, 3, 77
  15. Breivik, 1976, Adv Pain Res Ther, 1, 927
  16. Collee, 1991, J Rheumatol, 18, 1060
  17. Gallagher, 1994, Pain Clinic, 7, 193
  18. Lilius, 1989, French J Orthop Surg, 3, 479
  19. Rogers, 1992, Pain Clin, 5, 67
  20. Zahaar, 1991, J Neurol Orthop Med Surg, 12, 181
  21. Abdi, 2005, Pain Physician, 8, 127
  22. Boswell, 2005, Pain Physician, 8, 101
  23. Cannon, 2000, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 81, S87
  24. Gibson, 2000, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, &NA;, CD001350
  25. Haselkorn, 1995, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 76, 1037
  26. Koes, 1999, Pain Digest, 9, 241
  27. McKenzie-Brown, 2005, Pain Physician, 8, 115
  28. Nelemans, 1999, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, &NA;, CD001824
  29. Rozenberg, 1998, Rev Rhum Engl Ed, 65, 649
  30. Rozenberg, 1999, Rev Rhum Engl Ed, 66, 79
  31. Yelland, 2004, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, &NA;, CD004059
  32. Li, 2005, J Forensic Sci, 50, 169
  33. Helsa, 1979, Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 21, 511
  34. Kolsi, 2000, Joint Bone Spine, 67, 113
  35. Pirbudak, 2003, Artroplasti Artroskopik Cerrahi, 14, 89
  36. Revel, 1996, Rev Rhum Engl Ed, 63, 270
  37. Cuckler, 1985, J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol, 67, 63, 10.2106/00004623-198567010-00009 · DOI
  38. Bontoux, 1990, Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic, 57, 327
  39. Bourgeois, 1988, Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic, 55, 767
  40. Burton, 1999, J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol, 82, 3
  41. Ejeskar, 1983, Clin Orthop, 174, 236
  42. Feldman, 1986, Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic, 53, 147
  43. Lavignolle, 1987, Acta Orthop Belg, 53, 244
  44. Steffen, 1996, Orthop Trans, 20, 388
  45. Yu, 2002, Chin J Clin Rehabil, 6, 598
  46. Sanders, 1999, Pain Clin, 11, 329

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 392

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Chou, R., Atlas, S. J., Stanos, S. P., & Rosenquist, R. W.
Affiliations
  • Oregon Health & Science University (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Northwestern University (US)
  • University of Iowa (US)
Corresponding author
Chou, Roger
ORCID
Venue
Spine
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2009-05
Volume
34
Issue
10
Pages
1078-1093
ISSN
0362-2436 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/brs.0b013e3181a103b1
OpenAlex
W2057983082
Cited by
392
References
198
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 41
FWCI
5.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Spine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5p60ar048094-05)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (P60-AR048094)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
Keywords
low back pain, radicular pain, sciatica, interventional pain management, epidural steroid injection, chemonucleolysis, spinal cord stimulation, failed back surgery syndrome, prolotherapy, facet joint injection, sacroiliac joint injection, medial branch block, radiofrequency denervation, radiofrequency thermocoagulation, botulinum toxin injection, local injection, lumbar disc herniation, radiculopathy
MeSH terms
Clinical Trials as Topic, Electric Stimulation Therapy, Humans, Injections, Epidural, Intervertebral Disc Chemolysis, Intervertebral Disc Displacement, Nerve Block, Radiculopathy, Treatment Outcome, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Catheter Ablation, Low Back Pain, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Evidence-Based Medicine

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review