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Sagittal Standing Posture and Its Association With Spinal Pain: A School-Based Epidemiological Study of 1196 Flemish Adolescents Before Age at Peak Height Velocity
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional baseline data set on the sagittal standing posture of 1196 adolescents. OBJECTIVE: To describe and quantify common variations in the sagittal standing alignment in boys and girls who are in the same phase of growth and to explore the association between habitual standing posture and measures for spinal pain. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Data on postural characteristics and spinal pain measures in adolescence are sparse, especially when somatic and biological maturity status is to be considered. Our understanding of the relationship between standing posture in the sagittal plane and spinal pain is also deficient. METHODS: A total of 639 boys (age [mean ± SD], 12.6 ± 0.54 yr) and 557 girls (10.6 ± 0.47 yr), with predicted years from peak height velocity (PHV) being 1.2 ± 0.71 and 1.2 ± 0.59 pre-PHV, respectively, were studied. Postural examination included the assessment of global alignment and local spinopelvic characteristics, using post hoc analyses of digital images and direct body measurements (palpation, digital inclinometry, and wheeled accelerometry). Spinal pain experience was assessed by questionnaire. RESULTS: A wide interindividual variation in sagittal posture characteristics was observed. Logistic regression analyses yielded global alignment parameters to be associated with low back pain (lifetime prevalence), neck pain (lifetime prevalence, 1-mo prevalence, and doctor visit), and thoracic spine pain (doctor visit) outcome measures. None of the included local spinopelvic parameters could be identified as an associated factor with measures of spinal pain. CONCLUSION: The orientation of gross body segments with respect to the gravity line seems superior to local spinopelvic features in terms of clinical importance, at least in the current pre-PHV cohort. Opportunities may exist for postural subgrouping strategies to begin with global alignment parameters in order to gain further insight into the relationship between sagittal alignment and the relative risk of developing spinal pain/seeking medical consultation for this pain.
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In boys, increased CVA was associated with an approximately 5% decrease in odds of lifetime prevalence of neck pain (OR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.99, p = 0.004).
“The increased CVA was associated with an approximately 5% decrease in odds of lifetime prevalence of neck pain in boys (OR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.92-0.99;p = 0.004).”
From The Relationship Between Forward Head Posture and Neck Pain: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [40]
In adolescents, CVA was a significant predictor for lifetime prevalence and doctor visits due to neck pain.
“The results showed that the CVA was a significant predictor for lifetime prevalence and doctor visits due to neck pain.”
From The Relationship Between Forward Head Posture and Neck Pain: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [40]
In girls, a 1° increase in CVA had a 9.0% decrease in odds of having sought medical help for neck pain (OR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.82-0.99, p = 0.04).
“Also, a 1° increase in CVA had a 9.0% decrease in odds of having sought medical help for neck pain in girls (OR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.82-0.99;p = 0.04) [40].”
From The Relationship Between Forward Head Posture and Neck Pain: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [40]
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The Relationship Between Forward Head Posture and Neck Pain: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mahmoud, N. F., Hassan, K. A., Abdelmajeed, S. F., Moustafa, I. M., & Silva, A. G. (2019) · Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12178-019-09594-y · Cited by 360
Metadata
- Authors
- Dolphens, M., Cagnie, B., Coorevits, P., Vanderstraeten, G., Cardon, G., Dʼhooge, R., & Danneels, L.
- Affiliations
- Ghent University (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Dolphens, Mieke
- Cagnie, Barbara
- Vanderstraeten, Guy
- Danneels, Lieven
- ORCID
- Venue
- Spine
- Published
- 2012-09
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 1657-1666
- ISSN
- 0362-2436 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2029901144
- Cited by
- 88
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 5.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Spine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Scoliosis diagnosis and treatment
- Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Keywords
- spinal pain, adolescents, low back pain, neck pain, thoracic spine pain, spinopelvic alignment, global alignment, peak height velocity, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Anthropometry, Back Pain, Belgium, Body Height, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Office Visits, Posture, Surveys and Questionnaires, School Health Services, Sex Characteristics, Spine, Prevalence, Neck Pain
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