Cited by 159Child and Adolescent HealthInfant Development and Preterm CareFamily and Disability Support Research

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The Impact of Race on Participation in Part C Early Intervention Services

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Feinberg, Emily, Silverstein, Michael, Donahue, Sara, Bliss, Robin·2011·Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics

DOI 10.1097/dbp.0b013e3182142fbdPMC PMC3138901

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To quantify racial differences in receipt of early intervention (EI) services among children ages birth to 3 years. METHODS: Multivariable analyses of a nationally representative sample of children eligible for EI services using data from the Early Child Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort was conducted. Birth weight <1000 g, genetic and medical conditions associated with developmental delay, or low scores on a standardized measure of developmental performance defined EI eligibility. Receipt of EI services was ascertained from parent self-report. The effect of race on receipt of EI services was examined in main effect models and models stratified by EI qualifying condition, which was defined as either established medical condition or developmental delay in the absence of an underlying medical diagnosis. RESULTS: At 9 months of age, among the 1000 children eligible for EI services, 9% of children received services; there were no black-white racial differences in receipt of services. At 24 months of age, among the 1000 children eligible for EI services, 12% received services; black children were 5 times less likely to receive services than white children (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.09, 0.39). In models stratified by qualifying condition, black children who qualified for services at 24 months based on developmental delay alone were less likely to receive services (aOR 0.09; 95% CI 0.02, 0.39); there were no differences by race among children who qualified based on established medical conditions (aOR 0.56; 95% CI 0.18, 1.72). CONCLUSIONS: Racial disparities in EI service receipt, which were not present during infancy, emerged as children became toddlers. These disparities were found most consistently among children who qualified for services based on developmental delay alone.

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Authors: Feinberg, E., Silverstein, M., Donahue, S., & Bliss, R.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
Corresponding author: Feinberg, Emily
Silverstein, Michael
ORCID: Feinberg, Emily
Silverstein, Michael
Donahue, Sara
Venue: Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2011-05
Volume: 32
Issue: 4
Pages: 284-291
ISSN: 0196-206X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0b013e3182142fbd
PMC: PMC3138901
OpenAlex: W2036972979
Cited by: 159
References: 22
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 12.49
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Public Health Service (R40 MC08593)
National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH074079)
National Institute of Nursing Research (K23NR010588)
Maternal and Child Health Bureau
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Child and Adolescent Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
Keywords: Part C early intervention, racial disparities, service receipt, developmental delay, black-white disparities, health conditions
MeSH terms: Black or African American, Developmental Disabilities, Humans, Infant, United States, Cohort Studies, Early Intervention, Educational, Black People, White People, Healthcare Disparities

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The Impact of Race on Participation in Part C Early Intervention Services

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