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Mindfulness training for coping with hot flashes: results of a randomized trial
Open accessAbstract
In Brief Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of participation in a mindfulness training program (mindfulness-based stress reduction, [MBSR]) on the degree of bother from hot flashes and night sweats. Methods: This study was a randomized trial of 110 late perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women experiencing an average of 5 or more moderate or severe hot flashes (including night sweats)/day. A wait-list control (WLC) was used with 3-month postintervention follow-up. The main outcome was the degree of bother from hot flashes and night sweats in the previous 24 hours. Secondary measures were hot flash intensity, quality of life, insomnia, anxiety, and perceived stress. Results: Baseline average (SD) hot flash frequency was 7.87 (3.44) and 2.81 (1.76) night sweats/day. Mean (SD) bothersomeness score was 3.18 (0.55; "moderately bothered/extremely bothered"). All analyses were intention to treat and were controlled for baseline values. Within-woman changes in bother from hot flashes differed significantly by treatment arm (week × treatment arm interaction, P = 0.042). At completion of the intervention, bother in the MBSR arm decreased on average by 14.77% versus 6.79% for WLC. At 20 weeks, total reduction in bother for MBSR was 21.62% and 10.50% for WLC. Baseline-adjusted changes in hot flash intensity did not differ between treatment arms (week × treatment arm interaction, P = 0.692). The MBSR arm made clinically significant improvements in quality of life (P = 0.022), subjective sleep quality (P = 0.009), anxiety (P = 0.005), and perceived stress (P = 0.001). Improvements were maintained 3 months postintervention. Conclusions: Our data suggest that MBSR may be a clinically significant resource in reducing the degree of bother and distress women experience from hot flashes and night sweats. The results of this study suggest that a mindfulness training program may be a clinically significant resource in reducing the degree of bother that women experience from hot flashes and night sweats. Clinically significant improvements were also found in quality of life, subjective sleep quality, anxiety, and perceived stress and were maintained for 3 months after intervention.
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“MBSR led to significantly more improvement in quality of life and reduction in anxiety than control.”
From The effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on non-physiological symptoms of menopause: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2024) · cites this paper as Carmody et al. (2011)
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“MBSR was found to significantly reduce anxiety symptoms compared to waitlist control (Carmody et al., 2011).”
From The effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on non-physiological symptoms of menopause: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2024) · cites this paper as Carmody et al., 2011
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“MBSR led to significantly more improvement in quality of life and reduction in anxiety than control.”
From The effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on non-physiological symptoms of menopause: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2024) · cites this paper as Carmody et al. (2011)
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“The effectiveness of MBSR was observed from the MENQOL (Carmody et al., 2011)”
From The effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on non-physiological symptoms of menopause: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2024) · cites this paper as Carmody et al., 2011
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Stuenkel, C. A., Davis, S. R., Gompel, A., Lumsden, M. A., Murad, M. H., Pinkerton, J. V., & Santen, R. J. (2015) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2015-2236 · Cited by 884
Parsons, C. E., Crane, C., Parsons, L. J., Fjorback, L. O., & Kuyken, W. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.05.004 · Cited by 550
Robins, C. J., Keng, S., Ekblad, A. G., & Brantley, J. G. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20857 · Cited by 332
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The 2023 nonhormone therapy position statement of The North American Menopause Society
SHUFELT, C. L., Brown, V., Carpenter, J. S., Chism, L. A., Faubion, S. S., Joffe, H., Kling, J. M., Soares, C. N., & Thurston, R. C. (2023) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000002200 · Cited by 351
Metadata
- Authors
- Carmody, J. F., Crawford, S., Salmoirago-Blotcher, E., Leung, K., Churchill, L., & Olendzki, N.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Carmody, James Francis
- Venue
- Menopause
- Published
- 2011-06
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 611-620
- ISSN
- 1072-3714 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3123409
- OpenAlex
- W2049536230
- Cited by
- 188
- References
- 100
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 15.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R21AT002910)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based stress reduction, hot flashes, night sweats, menopause, perimenopause, postmenopausal women, coping, quality of life, sleep quality, anxiety, perceived stress, insomnia, waitlist control, maintenance therapy, mindfulness training
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Relaxation Therapy, Women's Health, Treatment Outcome, Patient Satisfaction, Meditation, Hot Flashes
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