The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Adult Cognitive Outcomes Following Childhood Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review
Abstract
Objective: This review aimed to (1) summarize the existing literature regarding cognitive outcomes in adults with a history of pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and (2) identify gaps in the literature to provide directions for future research. Participants: Participants sustained mTBI in childhood (0-17 years of age) and underwent cognitive assessment in adulthood (older than 18 years) at least 1 year postinjury. Design: MEDLINE Ovid and PsycINFO Ovid databases were searched to identify original research studies that examined adult cognitive outcomes after childhood mTBI. Main Measures: Cognitive outcome measures assessed memory, attention, visuospatial abilities, processing speed, comprehension, reasoning, intellectual functioning, and executive functioning. Outcome measures ranged from self-reported cognitive symptoms to objective testing. Results: A total of 4216 articles were screened, leading to the inclusion of 6 published studies for review (3 prospective cohort and 3 retrospective cohort), with 131 537 participants (mTBI = 6724; controls = 123 823). Review of the included articles suggests that adults with a history of childhood mTBI perform within the average range expected for adult cognitive functioning, although they may perform more poorly than non–head-injured comparison groups on a variety of cognitive measures. Injury-related factors, such as requiring electroencephalography within 24 hours of injury and posttraumatic amnesia lasting longer than 30 minutes, may be associated with variability in adult cognitive outcomes. Conclusion: The weight of the available evidence suggests that childhood mTBI does not have a significant impact on adult cognitive functioning. However, further research is needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the long-term cognitive outcomes of childhood mTBI and to identify predictors of those outcomes in adulthood.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cites
PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation
Tricco, A. C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O'Brien, K. K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., Moher, D., Peters, M. D. J., Horsley, T., Weeks, L., et al. (2018) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m18-0850 · Cited by 43,565
Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework
Arksey, H., & O'Malley, L. (2005) · International Journal of Social Research Methodology · doi:10.1080/1364557032000119616 · Cited by 36,742
Neurocognitive outcomes and recovery after pediatric TBI: meta-analytic review of the literature
Babikian, T., & Asarnow, R. (2009) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/a0015268 · Cited by 557
Peterson, A. B., Xu, L., Daugherty, J., & Breiding, M. J. (2019) · Cited by 348
Recommendations for the Use of Common Outcome Measures in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Research
McCauley, S. R., Wilde, E. A., Anderson, V. A., Bedell, G., Beers, S. R., Campbell, T. F., Chapman, S. B., Ewing-Cobbs, L., Gerring, J. P., Gioia, G. A., et al. (2012) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2011.1838 · Cited by 322
Self-citationBabikian, T., Satz, P., Zaucha, K., Light, R. K., Lewis, R. S., & Asarnow, R. F. (2011) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617711000907 · Cited by 239
Outcome of pediatric traumatic brain injury at three years: A cohort study
Fay, G. C., Jaffe, K. M., Polissar, N. L., Liao, S., Rivara, J. B., & Martin, K. M. (1994) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/0003-9993(94)90127-9 · Cited by 223
Long-term outcome of head injuries: a 23 year follow up study of children with head injuries.
Klonoff, H., Clark, C. C., & Klonoff, P. S. (1993) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.56.4.410 · Cited by 173
Hessen, E., Nestvold, K., & Anderson, V. A. (2007) · Brain Injury · doi:10.1080/02699050701528454 · Cited by 162
Intelligence as measured by the WAIS and a military draft board group test
MORTENSEN, E. L., REINISCH, J. M., & TEASDALE, T. W. (1989) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1989.tb01094.x · Cited by 131
Cited by
Fox, A. J., Matthews, N. L., Qiu, Z., Filmer, H. L., & Dux, P. E. (2024) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109005 · Cited by 10
McNerney, M. W., Gurkoff, G. G., Beard, C., & Berryhill, M. E. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13101402 · Cited by 7
Long-term effects of mild traumatic brain injury in pediatrics
Tuersunjiang, T., Wang, Q., Yang, H., Gao, F., & Wang, Z. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105260 · Cited by 5
Saarinen, M., Himanen, L., Raukola-Lindblom, M., Erkinjuntti, N., Vahlberg, T. J., Rinta-Rahko, A., Wiklund, J., Karrasch, M., Tenovuo, O. S., & Lähdesmäki, T. (2025) · European Journal of Paediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2025.02.002 · Cited by 4
Attwood, J. E., Lövgren, I., Forsyth, R. J., Demarchi, C., Thayanandan, T., Prisco, L., Ganau, M., Roberts, R., Scarff, K., Newton, J. L., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2025.1620178 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Chadwick, L., Peckham, S. B., & Yeates, K. O.
- Affiliations
- University of Calgary (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Chadwick, Leah
- Venue
- Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation
- Published
- 2022-04-21
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 285-292
- ISSN
- 0885-9701 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4224231734
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 1.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- memory, attention, executive function, visuospatial ability, processing speed, post-traumatic amnesia, EEG, predictors of cognitive outcome
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Concussion, Child, Cognition, Humans, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Executive Function
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
