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Cited by 61Personality Disorders and PsychopathologyPain Mechanisms and TreatmentsPsychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments

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Deficits in pain perception in borderline personality disorder: results from the thermal grill illusion

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Bekrater-Bodmann, Robin, Chung, Boo Young, Richter, Ingmarie, Wicking, Manon, Foell, Jens, Mancke, Falk, Schmahl, Christian, Flor, Herta·2015·Pain
DOI 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000275PMC PMC4770381
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Abstract

It is well documented that borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by reduced pain sensitivity, which might be related to nonsuicidal self-injury and dissociative experiences in patients with BPD. However, it remains an open question whether this insensitivity relies at least partly on altered sensory integration or on an altered evaluation of pain or a combination of both. In this study, we used the thermal grill illusion (TGI), describing a painful sensation induced by the application of alternating cold and warm nonnoxious stimuli, in patients with either current or remitted BPD as well as matched healthy controls. Two additional conditions, applying warm or cold temperatures only, served as control. We further assessed thermal perception, discrimination, and pain thresholds. We found significantly reduced heat and cold pain thresholds for the current BPD group, as well as reduced cold pain thresholds for the remitted BPD group, as compared with the HC group. Current BPD patients perceived a less-intense TGI in terms of induced pain and unpleasantness, while their general ability to perceive this kind of illusion seemed to be unaffected. Thermal grill illusion magnitude was negatively correlated with dissociation and traumatization only in the current BPD patients. These results indicate that higher-order pain perception is altered in current BPD, which seems to normalize after remission. We discuss these findings against the background of neurophysiological evidence for the TGI in general and reduced pain sensitivity in BPD and suggest a relationship to alterations in N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotransmission.

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Metadata

Authors
Bekrater-Bodmann, R., Chung, B. Y., Richter, I., Wicking, M., Foell, J., Mancke, F., Schmahl, C., & Flor, H.
Affiliations
Florida State University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Pain
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2015-10
Volume
156
Issue
10
Pages
2084-2092
ISSN
0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000275
PMC
PMC4770381
OpenAlex
W2413199353
Cited by
61
References
7
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3
FWCI
5.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Pain (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Keywords
borderline personality disorder, pain perception, thermal grill illusion, pain sensitivity, pain threshold, thermal sensation, dissociation, trauma, remission, non-suicidal self-injury
MeSH terms
Adult, Arousal, Borderline Personality Disorder, Discrimination, Psychological, Emotions, Female, Humans, Illusions, Male, Pain, Pain Measurement, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Statistics as Topic, Thermosensing, Pain Threshold, Young Adult, Pain Perception

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