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The effects of exercise intervention on complications and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Background: Being overweight or obese is closely related to adverse pregnancy outcomes and harms both pregnant women and neonates, increasing complications during pregnancy and leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Consequently, a meta-analysis was done to investigate exercise therapy impact on the complications and outcomes of pregnant women who are obese or overweight. Materials and Methods: The computer system searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, EMBASE, and CNKI databases. The search duration extended from the database establishment until October 2022. A thorough search was carried out for pertinent studies investigating exercise therapy impact on pregnancy complications and outcomes in obese or overweight pregnant women. The heterogeneity test was carried out using Cochrane Q and Chi-square tests. The combined findings from the meta-analysis were examined for reliability and robustness using sensitivity and publication bias analyses. All statistics used RevMan 5.3 software. Results: This meta-analysis included data from 8026 patients from 22 randomized controlled trials. The results demonstrated that exercise therapy might successfully decrease the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74–0.96, P = .01) and macrosomia (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.68–0.89, P < .001), and control weight gain during pregnancy (SMD = −0.2, 95% CI: −0.31 to −0.08, P < .001). Conclusions: Exercise therapy can control weight gain during pregnancy, lower the incidence of GDM and the macrosomia rate, and improve adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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“The literature does not show that physical exercise increases the risk of preterm birth [5, 9–11, 29, 30].”
From A systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise-based intervention to prevent gestational diabetes in women with overweight or obesity (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
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“Several reviews [5, 11, 28, 29] describe significant differences in the reduction of weight gain, which are of modest magnitude, close to 1 kg of weight.”
From A systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise-based intervention to prevent gestational diabetes in women with overweight or obesity (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
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“However, there is evidence from non-Cochrane Reviews showing significant reductions in GDM incidence [5, 10, 11].”
From A systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise-based intervention to prevent gestational diabetes in women with overweight or obesity (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
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Citations
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“[7] GDM is extremely harmful to both maternal and child and can affect the health of mother and offspring, possibly causing severe adverse consequences such as PIH, preeclampsia, and fetal anomaly.”
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Santa Cruz, T. E., Sarasqueta, C., Muruzábal, J. C., Ansuategui, E., & Sanz, O. (2025) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-024-07021-w · Cited by 7
Metadata
- Authors
- Kuang, J., Sun, S., & Ke, F.
- Affiliations
- The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (CN)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, Hubei, China.
- Corresponding author
- Ke, Fengmei
- ORCID
- Ke, Fengmei
- Venue
- Medicine
- Published
- 2023-10-06
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 40
- Pages
- e34804
- ISSN
- 0025-7974 (ISSN-L)
- 1536-5964
- PMC
- PMC10553027
- OpenAlex
- W4387392071
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7
- FWCI
- 1.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- exercise therapy, pregnancy, maternal obesity, overweight, gestational diabetes mellitus, macrosomia, gestational weight gain, adverse pregnancy outcomes, pregnancy complications
- MeSH terms
- Exercise Therapy, Female, Fetal Macrosomia, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Obesity, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Pregnancy Outcome, Reproducibility of Results, Weight Gain, Exercise, Diabetes, Gestational, Pregnant Women, Pregnant People, Overweight
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- Kuang, J., Sun, S., & Ke, F. (2023). The effects of exercise intervention on complications and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000034804
