The DOI matches its Crossref record; 116 of the 116 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Adult development and quality of life of transgender and gender nonconforming people
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Research on the health of transgender and gender nonconforming people has been limited with most of the work focusing on transition-related care and HIV. The present review summarizes research to date on the overall development and quality of life of transgender and gender nonconforming adults, and makes recommendations for future research. RECENT FINDINGS: Pervasive stigma and discrimination attached to gender nonconformity affect the health of transgender people across the lifespan, particularly when it comes to mental health and well-being. Despite the related challenges, transgender and gender nonconforming people may develop resilience over time. Social support and affirmation of gender identity play herein a critical role. Although there is a growing awareness of diversity in gender identity and expression among this population, a comprehensive understanding of biopsychosocial development beyond the gender binary and beyond transition is lacking. SUMMARY: Greater visibility of transgender people in society has revealed the need to understand and promote their health and quality of life broadly, including but not limited to gender dysphoria and HIV. This means addressing their needs in context of their families and communities, sexual and reproductive health, and successful aging. Research is needed to better understand what factors are associated with resilience and how it can be effectively promoted.
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“Since its introduction, which focused on sexual minorities, minority stress theory has been expanded to include gender minorities [3–5]”
From Minority stress theory: Application, critique, and continued relevance (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
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Meyer, I. H. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674 · Cited by 14,736
Self-citationColeman, E., Bockting, W. O., Botzer, M., Cohen‐Kettenis, P. T., Cuypere, G. D., Feldman, J., Fraser, L., Green, J., Knudson, G., Meyer, W. J., et al. (2012) · International Journal of Transgenderism · doi:10.1080/15532739.2011.700873 · Cited by 3,273
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Stigma, Mental Health, and Resilience in an Online Sample of the US Transgender Population
Bockting, W. O., Miner, M. H., Swinburne Romine, R. E., Hamilton, A., & Coleman, E. (2013) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2013.301241 · Cited by 1,540
Self-citationWorldwide burden of HIV in transgender women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Minority stress theory: Application, critique, and continued relevance
Frost, D. M., & Meyer, I. H. (2023) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101579 · Cited by 957
“Since its introduction, which focused on sexual minorities, minority stress theory has been expanded to include gender minorities [3–5] in particular describing the role of gender non-affirmation as a stressor for transgender and nonbinary people [6].”
BackgroundSelf-citationMeyer, I. H., Brown, T. N. T., Herman, J. L., Reisner, S. L., & Bockting, W. O. (2017) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2016.303648 · Cited by 324
Self-citationCampbell, M., Hinton, J. D. X., & Anderson, J. (2019) · International Journal of Transgenderism · doi:10.1080/15532739.2018.1545149 · Cited by 209
Healthcare Experiences Among Young Adults Who Identify as Genderqueer or Nonbinary
Lykens, J., LeBlanc, A. J., & Bockting, W. O. (2018) · LGBT Health · doi:10.1089/lgbt.2017.0215 · Cited by 197
Self-citationThe Biological Contributions to Gender Identity and Gender Diversity: Bringing Data to the Table
Polderman, T. J. C., Kreukels, B. P. C., Irwig, M. S., Beach, L. B., Chan, Y.-M., Derks, E. M., Esteva, I., Ehrenfeld, J. M., den Heijer, M., Posthuma, D., et al. (2018) · Behavior Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10519-018-9889-z · Cited by 170
Metadata
- Authors
- Bockting, W., Coleman, E., Deutsch, M. B., Guillamon, A., Meyer, I., Meyer, W., Reisner, S., Sevelius, J., & Ettner, R.
- Affiliations
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bockting, Walter
- ORCID
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Obesity
- Published
- 2016-04
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 188-197
- ISSN
- 1752-296X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4809047
- OpenAlex
- W2415389318
- Cited by
- 181
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 2.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Tawani Foundation
- University of Minnesota
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (P30MH062246, P30MH043520)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R13HD084267)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender, Sexuality, and Education
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Roles and Identity Studies
- Keywords
- transgender people, gender non-conforming people, adult development, quality of life, stigma and discrimination, mental health, resilience, social support, gender dysphoria, HIV, sexual and reproductive health, successful aging, lifespan development
- MeSH terms
- Gender Dysphoria, Adult, Age Factors, Female, Gender Identity, Health Status, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Minority Groups, Prejudice, Public Opinion, Quality of Life, Stereotyping, Transsexualism, Health Status Disparities, Sex Reassignment Procedures, Gender-Affirming Procedures, Transgender Persons
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