The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Prevalence by Age, Gender, Race, and Geographic Location in the U.S. Military Health Care Population
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: There is limited data examining the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a diverse North American population. METHODS: Using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes, patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) seen within the military health care system (Tricare) from October 1, 2008 to September 30, 2009 were identified. This database comprised all active duty military, retirees, and dependents. The overall prevalence of IBD, UC, and CD was calculated, and the prevalence by age, gender, race, and geographic location. RESULTS: A total of 35,404 cases of IBD were identified in 10.2 million military health care beneficiaries establishing a prevalence of total IBD, UC, and CD of 348, 202, and 146 per 100,000, respectively. IBD was more prevalent in females compared with males (417 versus 284 per 100,000; relative risk, 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.50-1.57). There was an increased prevalence of IBD with each decade of life. IBD was more common in Caucasians (324 per 100,000) compared with blacks, Asians, Hispanics, and American Indians (239, 162, 147, and 224 per 100,000, respectively; relative risk, 1.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.53-1.67). There was no difference in prevalence when comparing Northern versus Southern states (339 versus 333 per 100,000, respectively, P = 0.114). CONCLUSIONS: This large population study establishes a prevalence of IBD, UC, and CD (348, 202, and 146 per 100,000, respectively) in the military health care population. The prevalence of IBD, UC, and CD was higher in females and with increasing age, whereas IBD was most common in whites compared with other ethnicities in our patient population.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Moreover, the prevalence of IBD has been shown to be higher in females and with increasing age, and most common in Caucasians as compared with other ethnicities [50, 51].”
From Intestinal Microbiota Is Influenced by Gender and Body Mass Index (2016) · cites this paper as [50]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Molodecky, N. A., Soon, I. S., Rabi, D. M., Ghali, W. A., Ferris, M., Chernoff, G., Benchimol, E. I., Panaccione, R., Ghosh, S., Barkema, H. W., et al. (2012) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.10.001 · Cited by 4,833
Podolsky, D. K. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra020831 · Cited by 3,183
Loftus, E. V. (2004) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2004.01.063 · Cited by 3,106
Epidemiology and Natural History of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Cosnes, J., Gower‐Rousseau, C., Seksik, P., & Cortot, A. (2011) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.01.055 · Cited by 2,288
Kappelman, M. D., Rifas‐Shiman, S. L., KLEINMAN, K. P., Ollendorf, D., Bousvaros, A., Grand, R. J., & Finkelstein, J. A. (2007) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2007.07.012 · Cited by 931
Latitude is significantly associated with the prevalence of multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis
Simpson, S., Blizzard, L., Otahal, P., Van der Mei, I., & Taylor, B. (2011) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2011.240432 · Cited by 718
Loftus, C. G., Loftus, E. V., Harmsen, S. W., Zinsmeister, A. R., Tremaine, W. J., Melton, J. L., & Sandborn, W. J. (2006) · Inflammatory Bowel Diseases · doi:10.1002/ibd.20029 · Cited by 638
The Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canada: A Population-Based Study
Bernstein, C. N., Wajda, A., Svenson, L. W., MacKenzie, A., Koehoorn, M. W., Jackson, M., Fedorak, R. N., Israel, D. M., & Blanchard, J. (2006) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00603.x · Cited by 634
Ulcerative colitis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1940–1993: incidence, prevalence, and survival
Loftus, E. V., Silverstein, M. D., Sandborn, W. J., Tremaine, W. J., Harmsen, W. S., & Zinsmeister, A. R. (2000) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.46.3.336 · Cited by 492
Prospective survey of childhood inflammatory bowel disease in the British Isles
Sawczenko, A., Sandhu, B., Logan, R., Jenkins, H., Taylor, C., Mian, S., & Lynn, R. M. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04309-9 · Cited by 388
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Longobardi, 2003, Am J Gastroenterol, 98, 1064
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–123 of 123
Exposome Signatures of Gastrointestinal Disorders Among Active Duty Service Members
Maldonado, C. J., White-Phillip, J. A., Liu, Y., & Choi, Y. S. (2024) · Military Medicine · doi:10.1093/milmed/usae036 · Cited by 1
Aniwan, S., Harmsen, W. S., Tremaine, W. J., & Loftus, E. V. (2017) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.14309/00000434-201710001-00646 · Cited by 1
Molecular systems in inflammatory bowel disease
Pathan, S. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809356-6.00021-6 · Cited by 1
Rakoczy, I., Ocetek, M., Wiatr, M., Zięba, P., Panek, M., & Kuna, P. (2020) · Wiadomości Lekarskie · doi:10.36740/wlek202007143 · Cited by 2
Aldiabat, M., Aljabiri, Y., Kilani, Y., Yusuf, M. H., Khateeb, M. A., Horoub, A., Farukhuddin, F., Mahfouz, R. T., & Obeidat, A. E. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.28697 · Cited by 1
Alzahrani, T., Aljuaid, A., Alharthi, T. M., Aljabir, A., Alqurashi, K., Mahfouz, M., Alomairi, N. E., & Masoodi, I. (2019) · International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries · doi:10.24911/ijmdc.51-1554227998
The management of inflammatory bowel disease in the UK Armed Forces
Holden, A. L., Booth, R., & Howes, J. (2017) · Journal of The Royal Naval Medical Service · doi:10.1136/jrnms-103-194
Tulchinsky, H. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95591-9_13
Unique Considerations in Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Shivashankar, R. (2022) · Journal of Surgery · doi:10.29011/2575-9760.001479
Blood Zinc Profile and Fecal Analysis of Colitis Patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital
Indrasari, N. D., Pattiasina, F., Fauzi, A., Yusra, Y., Kumalawati, J., & Immanuel, S. (2022) · The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy · doi:10.24871/231202229-37
Age-related and Gender Aspects of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the Republic of Dagestan
Akhmedkhanov, S. S., Abakarova, G. H., Beibalayeva, A. T., Абдуллаева, Б. С., & Саидова, З. М. (2022) · Russian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology Coloproctology · doi:10.22416/1382-4376-2022-32-4-68-74
The Latest Progress in Evaluating the Severity and Prognosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
唐努尔, ·. (2023) · Advances in Clinical Medicine · doi:10.12677/acm.2023.13122813
Boccieri, M., Craig, R., Zhang, X., Firestine, A. M., Long, M. D., & Kappelman, M. D. (2024) · Journal of Clinical and Translational Science · doi:10.1017/cts.2024.5
González‐Martínez, A., Muro, I., Quintas, S., Chaparro, M., Gisbert, J. P., García, A. S., Casanova, M. J., de Célix, C. R., Vivancos, J., & Gago‐Veiga, A. B. (2024) · Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.gastre.2023.05.006
Huang, P., Lin, W., Le, P., Lin, C., Chen, C., Wu, R., Hsu, J., Tsai, W., Lai, M., Hsieh, S., et al. (2024) · Advances in digestive medicine · doi:10.1002/aid2.13379
Kudsi, M., Khalayli, N., Ali, D. H., & Al‐Darwish, L. (2024) · International Journal of Surgery Global Health · doi:10.1097/gh9.0000000000000460
Ma, X., Wu, S., Zhang, X., Du, K., Yang, C., Gao, S., & Liu, Y. (2024) · Discover Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12672-024-01514-y
Impact of restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis on service retention in the US military
Donohue, A. K., Nelson, D. A., Latyshenko, I. V., Kozloski, R. M., & Brown, S. R. (2025) · Surgical Endoscopy · doi:10.1007/s00464-025-11955-3
Estrogen impacts NOD2-dependent regulation of intestinal homeostasis
Eklund, M., & Foley, E. (2026) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3003766
Al-Rhman, R. M. A., & Alsaffar, J. M. J. (2026) · Medical Journal of Babylon · doi:10.4103/mjbl.mjbl_1414_23
Estrogen receptors and the NRF2 pathway: bridging hormonal regulation and stress response in the gut
Kopacz, A., Tomaszewska, Z., & Piechota-Polańczyk, A. (2026) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2026.1861565
Metadata
- Authors
- Betteridge, J. D., Armbruster, S. P., Maydonovitch, C., & Veerappan, G. R.
- Affiliations
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Betteridge, John D.
- Venue
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-06
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1421-1427
- ISSN
- 1078-0998 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2320550462
- Cited by
- 123
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8
- FWCI
- 5.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Defense
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Microscopic Colitis
- Keywords
- inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Colitis, Ulcerative, Crohn Disease, Demography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Military Personnel, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, United States, Prevalence, Racial Groups, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
