Altered functions of platelets during aging
Open accessAbstract
Purpose of review: Platelets are specialized effector cells that rapidly respond to sites of vascular injury. However, emerging data demonstrate that platelets possess diverse functions that also mediate inflammatory responses and neurological diseases. These functions are relevant to disease processes prevalent among older adults and likely influence susceptibility to thrombotic and inflammatory disorders. Recent findings: Platelet counts decrease in aged individuals whereas platelet reactivity increases. The platelet transcriptome is altered in aged individuals resulting in altered platelet function and exaggerated inflammation. Platelet signaling to monocytes in aging results in significantly more cytokines because of increased platelet-derived granzyme A. Platelet activation in aging appears to be driven, in part, because of increased reactive oxygen species and activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. Increased platelet hyperactivity in diseases is associated with aging, such cardiovascular disease and sepsis, exaggerate inflammation and thrombosis. Noncanonical functions of platelets influence the development of neurological diseases including Alzheimer's disease. Summary: Although there have been advances dissecting the molecular mechanisms regarding aging-related changes in platelets, many knowledge gaps still remain. Studies filling these gaps are likely to identify new mechanisms driving aging-related changes in platelet gene expression and function, and contributing to injurious thrombo-inflammation in older adults.
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Platelets, which are responsible for approximately 90% of circulating amyloid-β, are overactivated with ageing and release more amyloid-β, subsequently inducing amyloid-β deposition in the brain and cognitive impairment.
“Platelets, which are responsible for approximately 90% of circulating Aβ,313 are overactivated with ageing314,315 and are reported to release more Aβ and subsequently induce Aβ deposition in the brain and cognitive impairment.316”
From Antiageing strategy for neurodegenerative diseases: from mechanisms to clinical advances (2025) · cites this paper as [315]
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- Authors
- Montenont, E., Rondina, M. T., & Campbell, R. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- Corresponding author
- Campbell, Robert A.
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Hematology
- Published
- 2019-09
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 336-342
- ISSN
- 1065-6251 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-7048
- PMC
- PMC7039178
- OpenAlex
- W2957922577
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8
- FWCI
- 0.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Hematology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01 CX001696)
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR002538)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG048022, K01AG059892, R56AG059877)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL142804, R01HL126547)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Platelet Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Antiplatelet Therapy and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Keywords
- platelets, aging, platelet hyperreactivity, platelet transcriptome, reactive oxygen species, mTOR signaling, thromboinflammation, thrombosis, inflammation, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, sepsis, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Blood Platelets, Humans
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