The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Visionary Spiritual Experiences
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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Acute onset of symptoms for 3 months or less was considered indicative of a positive psychological outcome.56”
In the citing paper
“In their reviews, Prins,59 Lukoff,56 and Menezes60 agree that greater passivity would likely be more associated with psychopathological aspects,56,59”
In the citing paper
“Lukoff56 considers that “absolute belief is not a sign of pathology in itself,” since “all beliefs that are personally significant tend to be held with absolute conviction.”56”
In the citing paper
“This is due to their potential ‘phenomenological overlap.’56”
In the citing paper
“different narrative reviews have pointed out that the distinction between religious beliefs and delusions may not rely solely on content.56”
In the citing paper
“Narrative reviews also agree that experiencing shorter episodes over the course of a lifetime tends to be related to non-pathological experiences.”
In the citing paper
“Lukoff56 suggests that so-called spiritual experiences tend to be “generally transitory and resolve themselves completely, without leaving residual social difficulties or isolation; in contrast, psychotic disorders usually persist for a long period and involve continual impairment and social withdrawal.”57”
In the citing paper
“Lukoff56 highlighted the “absence of conceptual disorganization and confusion” as a differentiating criterion between the groups, which could be evidenced by characteristics such as “interruption of thought, incoherence, and blockage.”56”
Citations
Cites
Dodds, E. R. (1951) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520931275 · Cited by 2,249
Journal of Transpersonal Psychology
(1977) · Journal of Humanistic Psychology · doi:10.1177/002216787701700308 · Cited by 1,729
The discovery of the unconscious : the history and evolution of dynamic psychiatry
ELLENBERGER, H. F. (1970) · Max Planck Digital Library · Cited by 1,085
Peters, E. R., Joseph, S. A., & Garety, P. A. (1999) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033401 · Cited by 771
Alloy, L. B., & Kayne, N. T. (1984) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.91.1.112 · Cited by 616
The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion, 1935-1971
Cummings, M. C., & Gallup, G. H. (1973) · The American Historical Review · doi:10.2307/1858504 · Cited by 584
The Gallup Poll: public opinion, 2006
(2008) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.45-2971 · Cited by 580
Why God won't go away: brain science and the biology of belief
(2001) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.39-0259 · Cited by 533
(1989) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 311
Toward a More Culturally Sensitive DSM-IV
Lukoff, D. G., Lu, F. G., & TURNER, R. (1992) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199211000-00001 · Cited by 295
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 8
- Wallace, 1956, Int Rec Med Gen Pract Clin, 169, 761
- Lukoff, 1985, Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 17, 123
- Chapman, 1996, Hosp Community Psychiatry, 47, 69
- Epstein, 1982, Revision, 5, 67
- Liester, 1996, Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, &NA;, 28
- Heery, 1989, Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 21, 73
- Jackson, 1997, Philos Psychiatr Psychol, 1, 41
- Lukoff, 1991, Shamanʼs Drum, 22, 24
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Brouwer, A., & Carhart-Harris, R. L. (2020) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881120959637 · Cited by 174
Religion, Spirituality, and Psychosis
Menezes, A., & Moreira-Almeida, A. (2010) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-010-0117-7 · Cited by 77
Mental Health, Religion, and Spirituality
Oman, D., & Lukoff, D. G. (2018) · Religion, spirituality and health: a social scientific approach · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-73966-3_13 · Cited by 49
Self-citationExceptional experiences reported by scientists and engineers
Wahbeh, H., Radin, D. I., Mossbridge, J., Vieten, C., & Arnaud Delorme, A. (2018) · EXPLORE · doi:10.1016/j.explore.2018.05.002 · Cited by 38
Holt, N. J., Simmonds-Moore, C. A., & Moore, S. L. (2008) · UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol) · Cited by 25
Religion and the DSM: From Pathology to Possibilities
Allmon, A. L. (2011) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-011-9505-5 · Cited by 25
Normal or Abnormal? ‘Normative Uncertainty’ in Psychiatric Practice
Bassett, A. M., & Baker, C. (2015) · Journal of Medical Humanities · doi:10.1007/s10912-014-9324-2 · Cited by 19
Differentiating spiritual and psychotic experiences: Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar.
Greyson, B. (2014) · The Journal of near-death studies · doi:10.17514/jnds-2014-32-3-p123-136 · Cited by 14
Leledaki, A., & Brown, D. H. K. (2008) · Asian Medicine · doi:10.1163/157342009x12526658783538 · Cited by 14
Brook, M. G. (2019) · Psychology of Religion and Spirituality · doi:10.1037/rel0000258 · Cited by 15
Mosqueiro, B. P., Costa, M. D. A., Caribé, A. C., Oliveira e Oliveira, F. H. A., Pizutti, L., Zimpel, R. R., Baldaçara, L., da Silva, A. G., & Moreira-Almeida, A. (2023) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3056 · Cited by 12
“Moreover, Lukoff 56 considers that ‘‘absolute belief is not a sign of pathology in itself,’’ since ‘‘all beliefs that are personally significant tend to be held with absolute conviction.’’”
InfluentialThe Grofs’ Model of Spiritual Emergency in Retrospect: Has it Stood the Test of Time?
Viggiano, D. B., & Krippner, S. (2010) · International Journal of Transpersonal Studies · doi:10.24972/ijts.2010.29.1.118 · Cited by 11
Religious and Spiritual Considerations in Psychiatric Diagnosis: Considerations for the DSM‐V
Lukoff, D. G., Cloninger, C. R., Galanter, M. S., Gellerman, D. M., Glickman, L., Koenig, H. G., Lu, F. G., Narrow, W. E., Peteet, J. R., Thielman, S. B., et al. (2009) · doi:10.1002/9780470682203.ch24 · Cited by 10
Self-citationThe Sound of Silence: Can Imagining Music Improve Spatial Rotation Performance?
Perham, N., Lewis, A., Turner, J., & Hodgetts, H. M. (2014) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-014-9232-7 · Cited by 8
Bronn, G., & McIlwain, D. J. F. (2014) · Journal of Humanistic Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022167814528045 · Cited by 10
Spirituality and Extreme States
Lukoff, D. G. (2018) · Journal of Humanistic Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022167818767511 · Cited by 7
Self-citationLewis, S. H., Sanderson, C., Gupta, A., & Klein, C. (2018) · Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/19349637.2018.1520183 · Cited by 7
Transpersonal Perspectives on Mental Health and Mental Illness
Kaminker, J., & Lukoff, D. G. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118591277.ch23 · Cited by 5
Self-citationBrouwer, A., Raison, C. L., & Shults, F. L. (2024) · Religion Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1080/2153599x.2024.2349151 · Cited by 5
Baldacchino, J. (2016) · British Journal of Psychotherapy · doi:10.1111/bjp.12230 · Cited by 4
Psychology of Mystical Experience: Muḥammad and Siddhārtha
Galadari, A. (2019) · Anthropology of Consciousness · doi:10.1111/anoc.12116 · Cited by 4
Bassett, A. M. (2013) · Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository) · Cited by 3
The Need to Particularise the Concept of Spirituality within Mental Health Services in Malaysia
Shariff, N. M., & Pien, L. S. (2018) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARE SCHOLARS · doi:10.31436/ijcs.v1i1.45 · Cited by 3
Naturalism, Religion, and Mental Disorders
Cohen, D. (2021) · Journal for the Cognitive Science of Religion · doi:10.1558/jcsr.19935 · Cited by 2
Spirituality and Recovery From Psychosis and Serious Mental Disorders
Lukoff, D. G., & Hall, W. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190905538.013.24 · Cited by 2
Self-citationUnderstanding Voice-Hearing Experiences in Non-Clinical Populations: A Literature Review
Aggarwal, A., & Seth, S. (2025) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-025-10139-5 · Cited by 3
Voice hearing over time: A qualitative study of a woman without a psychiatric diagnosis
Talseth, A., Gilje, F., & Kalhovde, A. M. (2012) · Open Journal of Nursing · doi:10.4236/ojn.2012.24058 · Cited by 1
Toward a role for dreams and images in a spiritual emergence process: a case study
Viggiano, D. B. (2010) · Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo) · doi:10.1590/s0101-60832010000400007 · Cited by 1
Spagnuolo, D., Brandt, P.-Y., Ghasarian, C., Chopard, S., Quinche, A., & Martin-Söelch, C. (2022) · Annales Médico-psychologiques revue psychiatrique · doi:10.1016/j.amp.2022.07.012 · Cited by 1
Integrating the Transpersonal Approach Into Counselling: A Semi-Structured Phenomenological Inquiry
Turner, M. (2021) · Psychotherapy and Counselling Journal of Australia · doi:10.59158/001c.71049 · Cited by 1
The Impact of Spirituality and Trauma on Appraisals of Psychotic-Like Experiences
Isaac, K. S. (2017) · CUNY Academic Works (City University of New York) · Cited by 1
Spiritual and religious diversity: Implications for counselor education programs
Gough, S. R. (2009) · ScholarWorks (Walden University)
The Science of Meditation: From Mysticism to Mainstream Western Psychology
Pevreal, J. C. (2012) · Research Commons (University of Waikato)
Loitering in a liminal space : enactments of differing realities of hallucinations in dementia
Taylor, B. E. (2014) · ERA
Spirituality and Recovery From Serious Mental Problems
Lukoff, D. G. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199729920.013.0026
Self-citationOn conquering schizophrenia: from the desk of a therapist and survivor
Bola, J. R. (2020) · Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work · doi:10.1080/26408066.2020.1812460
(2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470970300.refs
A Service Evaluation of the U.K. Spiritual Crisis Network
Rush, M., Lancaster, L., & Lukoff, D. G. (2025) · Journal of Humanistic Psychology · doi:10.1177/00221678251357973 · Cited by 1
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Lukoff, D.
- Affiliations
- Sofia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lukoff, David
- ORCID
- Lukoff, David
- Venue
- Southern Medical Journal
- Publisher
- Southern Medical Association
- Published
- 2007-06
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 635-641
- ISSN
- 0038-4348 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2116178711
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Southern Medical Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Religious studies › Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices
- Keywords
- visionary experience, spiritual experience, religious experience
- MeSH terms
- Culture, Delusions, Diagnosis, Differential, Hallucinations, Humans, Life Change Events, Psychotic Disorders, Spirituality
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