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Diclofenac poisoning is widespread in declining vulture populations across the Indian subcontinent
Open accessAbstract
Recent declines in the populations of three species of vultures in the Indian subcontinent are among the most rapid ever recorded in any bird species. Evidence from a previous study of one of these species, Gyps bengalensis, in the Punjab province of Pakistan, strongly implicates mortality caused by ingestion of residues of the veterinary non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac as the major cause of the decline. We show that a high proportion of Gyps bengalensis and G. indicus found dead or dying in a much larger area of India and Nepal also have residues of diclofenac and visceral gout, a post-mortem finding that is strongly associated with diclofenac contamination in both species. Hence, veterinary use of diclofenac is likely to have been the major cause of the rapid vulture population declines across the subcontinent.
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Cited by
Toxicity of diclofenac to Gyps vultures
Swan, G. E., Cuthbert, R., Quevedo, M., Green, R. E., Pain, D. J., Bartels, P., Cunningham, A. A., Duncan, N., Meharg, A. A., Lindsay Oaks, J., et al. (2006) · Biology Letters · doi:10.1098/rsbl.2005.0425 · Cited by 299
Self-citationDaughton, C. G. (2016) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.109 · Cited by 177
Arshad, M., Gonzalez, J., El-Sayed, A. A., Osborne, T., & Wink, M. (2009) · Journal of Ornithology · doi:10.1007/s10336-008-0359-x · Cited by 38
Wells, K., Butterworth, A., & Richards, N. (2019) · Journal of Veterinary Forensic Sciences · doi:10.32473/jvfs.v1i1.128307 · Cited by 29
Metadata
- Authors
- Shultz, S., Baral, H. S., Charman, S., Cunningham, A. A., Das, D., Ghalsasi, G. R., Goudar, M. S., Green, R. E., Jones, A., Nighot, P., Pain, D. J., & Prakash, V.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2004-12-07
- Volume
- 271
- Issue
- suppl_6
- Pages
- S458-60
- ISSN
- 0080-4649 (ISSN-L)
- 0962-8452
- 1471-2954
- OpenAlex
- W2168078214
- Cited by
- 296
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 9.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Diclofenac poisoning is widespread in declining vulture populations across the Indian subcontinent. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1098/rsbl.2004.0223
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- Shultz, S., Baral, H. S., Charman, S., Cunningham, A. A., Das, D., Ghalsasi, G. R., Goudar, M. S., Green, R. E., Jones, A., Nighot, P., Pain, D. J., & Prakash, V. (2004). Diclofenac poisoning is widespread in declining vulture populations across the Indian subcontinent. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2004.0223
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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