The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Immune system stimulation by the native gut microbiota of honey bees
Open accessAbstract
Gut microbial communities can greatly affect host health by modulating the host's immune system. For many important insects, however, the relationship between the gut microbiota and immune function remains poorly understood. Here, we test whether the gut microbial symbionts of the honey bee can induce expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), a crucial component of insect innate immunity. We find that bees up-regulate gene expression of the AMPs apidaecin and hymenoptaecin in gut tissue when the microbiota is present. Using targeted proteomics, we detected apidaecin in both the gut lumen and the haemolymph; higher apidaecin concentrations were found in bees harbouring the normal gut microbiota than in bees lacking gut microbiota. In in vitro assays, cultured strains of the microbiota showed variable susceptibility to honey bee AMPs, although many seem to possess elevated resistance compared to Escherichia coli . In some trials, colonization by normal gut symbionts resulted in improved survivorship following injection with E. coli . Our results show that the native, non-pathogenic gut flora induces immune responses in the bee host. Such responses might be a host mechanism to regulate the microbiota, and could potentially benefit host health by priming the immune system against future pathogenic infections.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Interactions Between the Microbiota and the Immune System
Hooper, L. V., Littman, D. R., & Macpherson, A. J. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1223490 · Cited by 4,173
Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Peptide Action and Resistance
Yeaman, M. R., & Yount, N. Y. (2003) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.55.1.2 · Cited by 3,001
The gut microbiota of insects – diversity in structure and function
Engel, P., & Moran, N. A. (2013) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1111/1574-6976.12025 · Cited by 2,595
Self-citationImmune pathways and defence mechanisms in honey bees Apis mellifera
Evans, J. D., Aronstein, K., Chen, Y. P., Hetru, C., Imler, J. ‐., Jiang, H., Kanost, M., Thompson, G. J., Zou, Z., & Hultmark, D. (2006) · Insect Molecular Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2583.2006.00682.x · Cited by 1,035
Gut microbial communities of social bees
Kwong, W. K., & Moran, N. A. (2016) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.43 · Cited by 971
Self-citationSocially transmitted gut microbiota protect bumble bees against an intestinal parasite
Koch, H., & Schmid-Hempel, P. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1110474108 · Cited by 824
MARTINSON, V. G., DANFORTH, B. N., MINCKLEY, R. L., RUEPPELL, O., TINGEK, S., & MORAN, N. A. (2011) · Molecular Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04959.x · Cited by 579
Self-citationYang, X., & Cox-Foster, D. L. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0501860102 · Cited by 567
Routes of Acquisition of the Gut Microbiota of the Honey Bee Apis mellifera
Powell, J. E., Martinson, V. G., Urban-Mead, K., & Moran, N. A. (2014) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.01861-14 · Cited by 543
Self-citationMorphological and Molecular Characterization of Adult Midgut Compartmentalization in Drosophila
Buchon, N., Osman, D., David, F. P. A., Yu Fang, H., Boquete, J.-P., Deplancke, B., & Lemaitre, B. (2013) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2013.04.001 · Cited by 513
Cited by
Glyphosate perturbs the gut microbiota of honey bees
Motta, E. V. S., Raymann, K., & Moran, N. A. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1803880115 · Cited by 702
Self-citationThe role of the gut microbiome in health and disease of adult honey bee workers
Raymann, K., & Moran, N. A. (2018) · Current Opinion in Insect Science · doi:10.1016/j.cois.2018.02.012 · Cited by 477
Self-citationHoney bees as models for gut microbiota research
Zheng, H., Steele, M. I., Leonard, S. P., Motta, E. V. S., & Moran, N. A. (2018) · Lab Animal · doi:10.1038/s41684-018-0173-x · Cited by 334
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Kwong, W. K., Mancenido, A. L., & Moran, N. A.
- Venue
- Royal Society Open Science
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2017-02
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 170003
- ISSN
- 2054-5703 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2587173691
- Cited by
- 425
- References
- 36
- FWCI
- 12.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Immune system stimulation by the native gut microbiota of honey bees. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1098/rsos.170003
- The paper
- Kwong, W. K., Mancenido, A. L., & Moran, N. A. (2017). Immune system stimulation by the native gut microbiota of honey bees. Royal Society Open Science. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170003
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.