PreprintCited by 0Sirtuins and Resveratrol in MedicineHistone Deacetylase Inhibitors ResearchBioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents

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Water-soluble 4-(dimethylaminomethyl)heliomycin exerts greater antitumor effects than parental heliomycin by targeting the tNOX-SIRT1 axis and apoptosis in oral cancer cells

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Preprint — published as 10.7554/elife.87873

Abstract

The antibiotic heliomycin (resistomycin), which is generated from Streptomyces resistomycificus , has multiple activities, including anticancer effects. Heliomycin was first described in the 1960s, but its clinical applications have been hindered by extremely low solubility. A series of 4-aminomethyl derivatives of heliomycin were synthesized to increase water solubility; studies showed that they had anti-proliferative effects, but the drug targets remained unknown. In this study, we conducted cellular thermal shift assays (CETSA) and molecular docking simulations to identify and validate that heliomycin and its water-soluble derivative, 4-(dimethylaminomethyl)heliomycin (designated compound 4-dmH) engaged and targeted with sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) in p53-functional SAS and p53-mutated HSC-3 oral cancer cells. We further addressed the cellular outcome of SIRT1 inhibition by these compounds and found that, in addition to SIRT1, the water-soluble 4-dmH preferentially targeted a tumor-associated NADH oxidase (tNOX, ENOX2). The direct binding of 4-dmH to tNOX decreased the oxidation of NADH to NAD + which diminished NAD + -dependent SIRT1 deacetylase activity, ultimately inducing apoptosis and significant cytotoxicity in both cell types, as opposed to the parental heliomycin-induced autophagy. We also observed that tNOX and SIRT1 were both upregulated in tumor tissues of oral cancer patients compared to adjacent normal tissues, suggesting their clinical relevance. Finally, the better therapeutic efficacy of 4-dmH was confirmed in tumor-bearing mice, which showed greater tNOX and SIRT1 downregulation and tumor volume reduction when treated with 4-dmH compared to heliomycin. Taken together, our in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that the multifaceted properties of water-soluble 4-dmH enable it to offer superior antitumor value compared to parental heliomycin, and indicated that it functions through targeting the tNOX-NAD + -SIRT1 axis to induce apoptosis in oral cancer cells.

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Metadata

Authors
Islam, A., Chang, Y.-C., Chen, X.-C., Weng, C.-W., Chen, C.-Y., Wang, C.-W., Chen, M.-K., Tikhomirov, A. S., Shchekotikhin, A. E., & Chueh, P. J.
Affiliations
  • National Chung Hsing University (TW)
  • Gause Institute of New Antibiotics Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (RU)
Corresponding author
Chueh, Pin Ju
Venue
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
Publisher
openRxiv
Published
2023-03-29
OpenAlex
W4361228095
Cited by
0
References
1
Type
posted content
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents
Keywords
water-soluble derivatives, oral cancer, SIRT1, apoptosis, p53, autophagy, antitumor antibiotics

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