The DOI matches its Crossref record; 79 of the 79 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
DSIF, a novel transcription elongation factor that regulates RNA polymerase II processivity, is composed of human Spt4 and Spt5 homologs
Open accessAbstract
We report the identification of a transcription elongation factor from HeLa cell nuclear extracts that causes pausing of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in conjunction with the transcription inhibitor 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB). This factor, termed DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF), is also required for transcription inhibition by H8. DSIF has been purified and is composed of 160-kD (p160) and 14-kD (p14) subunits. Isolation of a cDNA encoding DSIF p160 shows it to be a homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae transcription factor Spt5. Recombinant Supt4h protein, the human homolog of yeast Spt4, is functionally equivalent to DSIF p14, indicating that DSIF is composed of the human homologs of Spt4 and Spt5. In addition to its negative role in elongation, DSIF is able to stimulate the rate of elongation by RNA Pol II in a reaction containing limiting concentrations of ribonucleoside triphosphates. A role for DSIF in transcription elongation is further supported by the fact that p160 has a region homologous to the bacterial elongation factor NusG. The combination of biochemical studies on DSIF and genetic analysis of Spt4 and Spt5 in yeast, also in this issue, indicates that DSIF associates with RNA Pol II and regulates its processivity in vitro and in vivo.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Phosphorylation of Ser5 of the Pol II CTD by transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) is required for transcription initiation, whereas phosphorylation of Ser2 of the Pol II CTD, of DSIF (DRB sensitivity inducing factor) and of NELF (negative elongation factor) by pTEFb (positive transcription elongation factor) is needed for transcription elongation141–143.”
From Molecular regulation of stem cell quiescence (2013) · cites this paper as [141]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Antibodies, a laboratory manual
(1989) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/0753-3322(89)90130-3 · Cited by 12,318
Dignam, J. D., Lebovitz, R. M., & Roeder, R. G. (1983) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/11.5.1475 · Cited by 11,262
Multiple sequence alignment with hierarchical clustering.
Corpet, F. (1988) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/16.22.10881 · Cited by 5,575
Frohman, M. A., Dush, M. K., & Martin, G. R. (1988) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.85.23.8998 · Cited by 4,554
Hidaka, H., Inagaki, M., Kawamoto, S., & Sasaki, Y. (1984) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00316a032 · Cited by 2,688
The role of general initiation factors in transcription by RNA polymerase II
ROEDER, R. (1996) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(96)10050-5 · Cited by 1,009
Transcription elongation factor P-TEFb is required for HIV-1 Tat transactivation in vitroPreprint
Zhu, Y., Peery, T., Peng, J., Ramanathan, Y., Marshall, N. F., Marshall, T. K., Amendt, B. A., Mathews, M. B., & Price, D. H. (1997) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.11.20.2622 · Cited by 700
Rougvie, A. E., & Lis, J. T. (1988) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(88)91087-2 · Cited by 680
Control of RNA Polymerase II Elongation Potential by a Novel Carboxyl-terminal Domain Kinase
Marshall, N. F., Peng, J., Xie, Z., & Price, D. H. (1996) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.271.43.27176 · Cited by 662
Yeast SNF/SWI transcriptional activators and the SPT/SIN chromatin connection
Winston, F., & Carlson, M. (1992) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/0168-9525(92)90300-s · Cited by 574
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 601–700 of 751
Spt5 interacts genetically with Myc and is limiting for brain tumor growth in Drosophila
Hofstetter, J., Ogunleye, A. O., Kutschke, A., Buchholz, L. M., Wolf, E., Raabe, T., & Gallant, P. (2023) · Life Science Alliance · doi:10.26508/lsa.202302130 · Cited by 3
Transcription Through Chromatin
Smolle, M., & Venkatesh, S. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8624-4_11 · Cited by 3
Vanti, M., Gallastegui, E., Respaldiza, I., Rodríguez‐Gil, A., Gómez-Herreros, F., Jimeno-González, S., Jordan, A., & Chávez, S. (2009) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/annotation/45587774-5d7c-4023-97b0-96833be7ad9a · Cited by 3
Chromatin Regulatory Targets for Anticancer Therapeutics
Barta, P. A., Carter, T. R., & Erb, M. A. (2025) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5c00231 · Cited by 2
Single-cell profiling and genetic regulation of alternative polyadenylation in the human brain
Nan, J., Boix, C. A., Shi, S., Fan, X., Ni, J., Wang, K., Shuai, X., Ding, K., Wu, P., An, Y., et al. (2026) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-026-02758-w · Cited by 1
Regulation of RNA transcript elongation in metazoans and its relevance to disease
Mimoso, C. A., Fianu, I., & Adelman, K. (2026) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-026-01003-w · Cited by 2
Cui, Y., Chiang, Y. C., Viswanathan, P., Lee, D. J., & Denis, C. L. (2012) · American Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.4236/ajmb.2012.21002 · Cited by 2
Promoting Gene Therapy: Expression Systems for Iransgenes and Post-transcriptional Gene Silencing
Unwalla, H. J., & Rossi, J. J. (2006) · Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews · doi:10.1080/02648725.2006.10648079 · Cited by 2
Ghouraba, M., Masad, R. J., Mpingirika, E. Z., Abdelraheem, O. M., Zeghlache, R., Alserw, A. M., & Amleh, A. (2021) · Oncology Letters · doi:10.3892/ol.2021.13022 · Cited by 2
NDF/GLYR1 Promotes RNA Polymerase II Processivity via Pol II Binding and Nucleosome Destabilization
Li, Z., & Fei, J. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26104874 · Cited by 2
Expression of an RNA glycosidase inhibits HIV-1 transactivation of transcription
Kutky, M., & Hudak, K. A. (2017) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bcj20170353 · Cited by 2
Dynamic regulation of promoter-proximal RNA polymerase II pausing
Guo, C., Luo, Z., & Lin, C. (2020) · Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) · doi:10.1360/tb-2020-0581 · Cited by 2
Transcription Elongation Factors in Health and Disease
Dabas, P. (2022) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.103013 · Cited by 2
Molecular Mechanisms of AID Function
Begum, N. A., Nagaoka, H., Kobayashi, M., & Honjo, T. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397933-9.00018-7 · Cited by 3
Transcription Termination by RNA Polymerase II
Kim, M., & Buratowski, S. (2013) · doi:10.1002/9783527665433.ch2 · Cited by 2
Self-citationChromatin transcription: Clearing the gridlock
Geiduschek, E. P. (1998) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(98)70240-4 · Cited by 2
Enhancers predominantly regulate gene expression in vivo via transcription initiationPreprint
Larke, M., Nojima, T., Telenius, J. M., Sharpe, J. A., Sloane-Stanley, J. A., Butler, S., Beagrie, R. A., Downes, D. J., Schweßinger, R., Oudelaar, A. M., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/844191 · Cited by 2
Lewis, B. A., & Levens, D. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.01.23.917237 · Cited by 2
Maron, M. I., Burgos, E. S., Gupta, V., Casill, A. D., Kosmyna, B., Chen, H., Gamble, M. J., Query, C. C., & Shechter, D. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.11.18.389288 · Cited by 2
A sequence-encoded promoter proximal super pause stabilizes an offline RNA polymerase II statePreprint
Nunez, R. J. V., Kesha, S., & Vos, S. M. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.02.18.706689 · Cited by 2
Namjilsuren, S., & Arndt, K. M. (2026) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.353379.125 · Cited by 2
ELOF1 is a core component of the promoter-proximal paused RNA polymerase II complexPreprint
Nunez, R. J. V., Bressin, A., Shao, Z., Mayer, A., & Vos, S. M. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.05.26.728003 · Cited by 2
Transcriptional pause release at enhancers mediates cell identity
Ekstrom, T. L., & Johnsen, S. A. (2025) · NAR Cancer · doi:10.1093/narcan/zcaf039 · Cited by 1
Design of Space-Filling Antennas for Passive UHF RFID Tags
Benjamin, D., Gregory, J., & Robert, M. (2010) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/7970 · Cited by 1
Vidyalakshmi, S., & Ramamurthy, V. (2013) · OMICS A Journal of Integrative Biology · doi:10.1089/omi.2012.0081 · Cited by 1
Transcriptional Regulation by HSF
Fujimoto, M. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55852-1_4 · Cited by 1
Mechanism and Regulation of Immunoglobulin Class Switch Recombination
Meng, F., Nair, L., Fernandez, K. C., Basu, U., & Chaudhuri, J. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95895-0.00021-0 · Cited by 1
Bioinformatics Insights on Viral Gene Expression Transactivation: From HIV-1 to SARS-CoV-2
Patarca, R., & Haseltine, W. A. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25063378 · Cited by 1
Li, T., Zeng, F., Li, Y., Li, H., & Wu, J. (2024) · Functional & Integrative Genomics · doi:10.1007/s10142-024-01479-9 · Cited by 1
Kuś, K., Nielsen, S., Zenkin, N., & Vasiljeva, L. (2025) · RNA · doi:10.1261/rna.080765.125 · Cited by 1
Penheiter, K. L., & Jaehning, J. A. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-40049-5_3 · Cited by 1
Iwr1 facilitates RNA polymerase II dynamics during transcription elongation
Gómez‐Navarro, N., Peiró-Chova, L., & Estruch, F. (2017) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms · doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2017.02.009 · Cited by 1
Transcriptional Control and Latency of Retroviruses
Nikolai, B. C., & Rice, A. P. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811185-7.00005-4 · Cited by 1
Rayevsky, A. V., Platonov, M. O., Hurmach, V. V., Yakovenko, A., & Volochnyuk, D. M. (2020) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/jcb.29820 · Cited by 1
Sheldon, K. E. (2006) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) · Cited by 1
Fujita, T., Piuz, I., & Schlegel, W. (2010) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2010.01.020 · Cited by 1
The role of Schizosaccharomyces pombe cyclophilin Rct1 in RNA polymerase II transcription
Skrahina, T. (2009) · University of Vienna · doi:10.25365/thesis.8122 · Cited by 1
Price, D. H. (2009) · Methods · doi:10.1016/j.ymeth.2009.07.003 · Cited by 1
Investigations into the regulation of histone H2B monoubiquitination
Shchebet, A. (2011) · doi:10.53846/goediss-507 · Cited by 1
Stochastic modeling of eukaryotic transcription at the single nucleotide level
Vashishtha, S. (2011) · Open ULeth Scholarship (OPUS) (University of Lethbridge) · Cited by 1
Zhang, J., Cavallaro, M., & Hebenstreit, D. (2018) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/461442 · Cited by 1
Delbeau, M., Omollo, E. O., Froom, R., Koh, S., Mooney, R. A., Lilić, M., Brewer, J. J., Rock, J. M., Darst, S. A., Campbell, E. A., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.10.21.513233 · Cited by 1
Rtf1-dependent transcriptional pausing regulates cardiogenesisPreprint
Langenbacher, A. D., Lu, F., Tsang, L., Huang, Z. Y. S., Keer, B., Tian, Z., Eide, A., Pellegrini, M. A., Nakano, H., Nakano, A., et al. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.94524 · Cited by 1
Liu, H., Li, L., Zhang, Q., Ott, C. J., & Zhang, G. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2025.12.10.693453 · Cited by 1
Rtf1-dependent transcriptional pausing regulates cardiogenesisPreprint
Langenbacher, A. D., Lu, F., Tsang, L., Huang, Z. Y. S., Keer, B., Tian, Z., Eide, A., Pellegrini, M. A., Nakano, H., Nakano, A., et al. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.94524.2 · Cited by 1
Evolutionary conservation and innovations of RNA polymerase II transcription elongation factorsPreprint
Francette, A. M., Grover, A., Clark, N., & Arndt, K. M. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.01.11.698887 · Cited by 1
The Role of AF9 and AF9-Mediated Protein Interactions in Hematopoiesis and Leukemogenesis
Lokken, A. A. (2014) · Loyola eCommons (Loyola University of Chicago)
Regulated release of P-Tefb from the 7sk Snrnp
Krueger, B. J. (2009) · doi:10.17077/etd.n88s3gow
Pruneski, J. A. (2011) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus RNA Recruitment.
Garcia, E. L. (2010) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan)
A Functional Genomics Approach to Identify Novel Breast Cancer Gene Targets in Yeast
Bennett, C. B. (2005) · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · doi:10.21236/ada437737
Procesos que regulan la transcripción en eucariotas
Martínez, A. G. (2012) · Gredos (University of Salamanca) · doi:10.14201/gredos.121359
Gene Expression Control by Chromatin Binding Factors
Voets, O. (2013) · RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam)
Unraveling Mechanisms of Transcriptional Repression: Novel Insights from Brinker
Upadhyai, P. (2013) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
Mohseni, A. (2010) · eCommons (Cornell University)
Vojnic, E. (2006) · Elektronische Hochschulschriften der LMU München (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) · doi:10.5282/edoc.6976
Genome-wide occupancy profiling of the RNA polymerase II transcription machinery in S. cerevisiae
Lidschreiber, M. (2013) · Elektronische Hochschulschriften der LMU München (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) · doi:10.5282/edoc.16965
Höppner, S. (2005) · Elektronische Hochschulschriften der LMU München (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) · doi:10.5282/edoc.4693
Dengl, S. (2009) · MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) · doi:10.5282/edoc.9983
Anderson, B., May, C. A., & Denis, C. L. (2012) · American Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.4236/ajmb.2012.23029
Role of Noncoding RNAs in the Regulation of P-TEFb Availability and Enzymatic Activity
Napolitano, G., Lania, L., & Majello, B. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/643805
A Role for Histone Chaperones in Regulating RNA Polymerase II
Osborn, J. L., & Greer, S. F. (2015) · Advances in Biological Chemistry · doi:10.4236/abc.2015.52004
Investigating the Roles of Tat Specific Factor 1 in Both HIV-1 and Cellular Gene Expression
Miller, H. B. (2009) · DukeSpace (Duke University)
Schreieck, A. (2013) · MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) · doi:10.5282/edoc.16454
Ford, C. (2014) · UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia)
Protein Dynamics in Mammalian Genome Maintenance
Zotter, A. (2008) · RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam)
Baron, B. (2015) · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.888130
Regulation of gene expression through post-initiation controls
Vidyalakshmi, S., & Ramamurthy, V. (2006)
A Co-Repressor of Transcription that Interacts with the Adenovirus E1A Protein
Sundqvist, A. (2001)
Almada, A. E. (2013) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Warten auf die Transkription: Die humanen Elongationsfaktoren NELF und DSIF
Wenzel, S. (2009) · EPub Bayreuth (University of Bayreuth)
München, P. D. L.-M.-U. (2005)
Epigenetic Regulation of Replication-Dependent Histone mRNA 3 End Processing
Pirngruber, J. (2010) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-354
RNA polymerase II during transcript elongation : dealing with DNA damage and staying phosphorylated
Kong, S. E. (2001) · UCL Discovery (University College London)
Transcription: The Never Ending Story
Goodrich, J. A., & Tjian, R. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-40049-5_1 · Cited by 1
Kizer, K. O. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/td3e-0j91
Blythe, A. J. (2014) · UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA)
BET Bromodomains and P-TEFb in Cardiac Transcription and Heart Failure Pathogenesis
Anand, P., Munir, A. Z., & Haldar, S. M. (2016) · Cardiac and vascular biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41457-7_12
The regulation and function of mRNA cap methylation in pluripotency and differentiation
Grasso, L. (2015) · Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee)
Capturing Transcriptional Dynamics using Nascent RNA Sequencing.
Kirkconnell, K. S. (2016) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan)
Shah, S. (2016) · Libraries and Cultural Resources (University of Calgary) · doi:10.11575/prism/26991
Involvement of the C-terminal Repeat (CTR) Domain in the Protein Interactions and Functions of Spt5
Kuo, W. H. W. (2014) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Dunham, W. H. (2012) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
The roles of transcription factors in Nucleotide excision repair in yeast
Ding, B. (2010) · Louisiana State University · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.3791
Investigating the role of mRNA capping enzyme in C-MYC function
Lombardi, O. (2017) · Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee)
Ito, T., Sakamoto, S., & Handa, H. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813629-4.00012-7
Self-citationThe enzymatic function of the CCR4 protein
Chen, J. (2001) · University of New Hampshire Scholars Repository (University of New Hampshire at Manchester)
Timing polymerase pausing with TV-PRO-seq
Zhang, J. (2026) · Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick) · doi:10.82444/warw.33834583
Latency reversing agents affect HIV RNA splicing
Mota, T. M. (2017) · Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)
Regulation of alternative polyadenylation in Drosophila melanogaster
Oliveira, M. (2019) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) · doi:10.34626/zrjc-r941
Characterisation of THOC4 Response to Replicative Stress
Najib, M. I. M. (2018) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.122562
Comparative study of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 and type 2 single and dual infections
Yapo, A. V. D. P. (2020) · MOspace Institutional Repository (University of Missouri) · doi:10.32469/10355/83774
Pou5f1 Post-translational Modifications Modulate Gene Expression and Cell Fate
Campbell, P. (2012) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-6280
Coulombe, B. (2020) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.737944547.793574581
Faculty Opinions recommendation of c-Myc regulates transcriptional pause release.
Dalton, S., & Singh, A. V. (2010) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.3133963.2818061
Fianu, I. (2021) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-8866
Kalcheim, C. (2011) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.9973956.10706054
Metadata
- Authors
- Wada, T., Takagi, T., Yamaguchi, Y., Ferdous, A., Imai, T., Hirose, S., Sugimoto, S., Yano, K., Hartzog, G. A., Winston, F., Buratowski, S., & Handa, H.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Genetics (JP)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Genes & Development
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Published
- 1998-02-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 343-356
- ISSN
- 0890-9369 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC316480
- OpenAlex
- W2148917483
- Cited by
- 750
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 28
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Genes & Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Tokyo Tech Research Repository (Tokyo Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM032967, R37GM032967, GM 32967)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Structure and Function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Keywords
- DSIF, transcription elongation, RNA polymerase II, processivity, Spt4, Spt5, transcriptional pausing, HeLa cells, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cDNA cloning
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, Dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole, Fungal Proteins, HeLa Cells, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Nuclear Proteins, RNA Polymerase II, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Sensitivity and Specificity, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic, Transcriptional Activation, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Transcriptional Elongation Factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review