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IGF-I is required for normal embryonic growth in mice.
Open accessAbstract
IGF-I is a pleiotropic hormone reported to affect linear growth, glucose metabolism, organ homeostasis, and the immune and neurologic systems. In contrast to IGF-II, IGF-I is expressed at low levels embryonically and has been thought to be more important for postnatal growth and development. To investigate the role of IGF-I in normal development we generated mice with an inactive IGF-I gene by homologous recombination in ES cells. Heterozygous mice are healthy and fertile, but they are 10-20% smaller than wild-type littermates and have lower than normal levels of IGF-I. The size reduction is attributable to a decrease in organs and muscle and bone mass. However, all tissues appear histologically normal. At birth homozygous mutant mice (IGF-I-/-) are < 60% body weight of wild type. Greater than 95% of IGF-I-/- pups die perinatally. Histopathology is characterized by underdevelopment of muscle tissue. Lungs of late embryonic and neonates also appeared less organized with ill-defined alveolae. IGF-I appears to be essential for correct embryonic development in mice.
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Cited by
The Somatomedin Hypothesis: 2001
Le Roith, D., Bondy, C., Yakar, S., Liu, J.-L., & Butler, A. (2001) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.22.1.0419 · Cited by 1,257
Woods, K. A., Camacho-Hübner, C., Savage, M. O., & Clark, A. J. L. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199610313351805 · Cited by 1,085
Sjögren, K., Liu, J.-L., Blad, K., Skrtic, S., Vidal, O., Wallenius, V., LeRoith, D., Törnell, J., Isaksson, O. G. P., Jansson, J.-O., et al. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.12.7088 · Cited by 938
Ohlsson, C., Bengtsson, B.-A., Isaksson, O. G. P., Andreassen, T. T., & Slootweg, M. C. (1998) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.19.1.0324 · Cited by 855
Regulation of skeletal muscle growth by the IGF1-Akt/PKB pathway: insights from genetic models
Schiaffino, S., & Mammucari, C. (2011) · Skeletal Muscle · doi:10.1186/2044-5040-1-4 · Cited by 816
“Igf1 null mice exhibit severe growth retardation and most die soon after birth [37-39], whereas targeted ablation experiments showed that liver-derived IGF1, although it is the principal source of IGF1 in the serum, is not required for postnatal body growth [40,41].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Powell-Braxton, L., Hollingshead, P., Warburton, C., Dowd, M., Pitts-Meek, S., Dalton, D., Gillett, N., & Stewart, T. A.
- Venue
- Genes & Development
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Published
- 1993-12-01
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 12b
- Pages
- 2609-2617
- ISSN
- 0890-9369 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2039825798
- Cited by
- 795
- References
- 0
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
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- Powell-Braxton, L., Hollingshead, P., Warburton, C., Dowd, M., Pitts-Meek, S., Dalton, D., Gillett, N., & Stewart, T. A. (1993). IGF-I is required for normal embryonic growth in mice. Genes & Development. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.7.12b.2609
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