Covariant Conservation Laws in General Relativity
Abstract
A set of covariant conservation laws is constructed in the general theory of relativity. Their relationship to the generators of infinitesimal coordinate transformations is indicated. In a given coordinate system certain of these quantities may be naturally identified as energy and momentum. We can continue to recognize these conserved quantities in all coordinate systems due to the covariant character of the expressions.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Cites
On the localization of the energy of a physical system in the general theory of relativity
Møller, C. (1958) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(58)90053-8 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Conservation Laws in General Relativity
Goldberg, J. N. (1958) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.111.315 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Freud, P. (1939) · Annals of Mathematics · doi:10.2307/1968929 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Conservation Laws in General Relativity as the Generators of Coordinate Transformations
Bergmann, P. G. (1958) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.112.287 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Black holes in higher dimensional space-times
Myers, R. C., & Perry, M. J. (1986) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(86)90186-7 · Cited by 2,125 · see citing works
Quasilocal energy and conserved charges derived from the gravitational action
Brown, J. D., & York, J. W. (1993) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.47.1407 · Cited by 1,793 · see citing works
Enthalpy and the mechanics of AdS black holes
Kastor, D. A., Ray, S., & Traschen, J. (2009) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/26/19/195011 · Cited by 1,395 · see citing works
Rezzolla, L., & Zanotti, O. (2013) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198528906.001.0001 · Cited by 830 · see citing works
Enthalpy and the Mechanics of AdS Black HolesPreprint
Kastor, D. A., Ray, S., & Traschen, J. (2009) · Cited by 763 · see citing works
Gravitating non-Abelian solitons and black holes with Yang–Mills fields
Volkov, M. S., & Gal'tsov, D. V. (1999) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/s0370-1573(99)00010-1 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Quasi-Local Energy-Momentum and Angular Momentum in General Relativity
Szabados, L. B. (2009) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.12942/lrr-2009-4 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Symplectic geometry of radiative modes and conserved quantities at null infinity
Ashtekar, A., & Streubel, M. (1981) · Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A Mathematical and Physical Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspa.1981.0109 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Quasi-Local Energy-Momentum and Angular Momentum in GR: A Review Article
Szabados, L. B. (2004) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.12942/lrr-2004-4 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Lectures on string/brane cosmology
Quevedo, F. (2002) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/19/22/304 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
A 3+1 perspective on null hypersurfaces and isolated horizons
Gourgoulhon, É., & Jaramillo, J. L. (2005) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2005.10.005 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Surface charge algebra in gauge theories and thermodynamic integrability
Barnich, G., & Compère, G. (2008) · Journal of Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.2889721 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Quasilocal gravitational energy
Hayward, S. A. (1994) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.49.831 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Gravitating Non-Abelian Solitons and Black Holes with Yang-Mills FieldsPreprint
Volkov, M. S., & Gal'tsov, D. V. (1998) · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Spontaneously Scalarized Kerr Black Holes in Extended Scalar-Tensor–Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
Cunha, P. V. P., Herdeiro, C., & Radu, E. (2019) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.123.011101 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Katzin, G. H., Levine, J., & Davis, W. R. (1969) · Journal of Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1664886 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Smarr formula and an extended first law for Lovelock gravity
Kastor, D. A., Ray, S., & Traschen, J. (2010) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/27/23/235014 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Gravitational Fields in Finite and Conformal Bondi Frames
Tamburino, L. A., & Winicour, J. (1966) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.150.1039 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Entropy of static spacetimes and microscopic density of states
Padmanabhan, Τ. (2004) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/21/18/013 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Testing the nature of Gauss–Bonnet gravity by four-dimensional rotating black hole shadow
Wei, S.-W., & Liu, Y.-X. (2021) · The European Physical Journal Plus · doi:10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01398-9 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Gravitational deflection of light and shadow cast by rotating Kalb-Ramond black holes
Kumar, R., Ghosh, S. G., & Wang, A. (2020) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.101.104001 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Surface charge algebra in gauge theories and thermodynamic integrabilityPreprint
Glenn Barnich, A., & Compère, G. (2007) · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Variational aspects of relativistic field theories, with application to perfect fluids
Schutz, B. F., & Sorkin, R. D. (1977) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(77)90200-7 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Black hole mass and angular momentum in topologically massive gravity
Bouchareb, A., & Clément, G. (2007) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/24/22/018 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Numerical methods for finding stationary gravitational solutions
Dias, Ó. J. C., Santos, J. E., & Way, B. (2016) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/33/13/133001 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Energy and angular momentum of charged rotating black holes
Aguirregabiria, J. M., Chamorro, A., & Virbhadra, K. S. (1996) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/bf02109529 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Conserved Charges for Gravity with Locally Anti–de Sitter Asymptotics
Aros, R., Mauricio Contreras, G., Rodrigo Olea, A., Troncoso, R., & Zanelli, J. (2000) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.84.1647 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Black holes in loop quantum gravity
Pérez, A. (2017) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/1361-6633/aa7e14 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Coalescence of binary neutron stars in a scalar-tensor theory of gravity
Shibata, M., Taniguchi, K., Okawa, H., & Buonanno, A. (2014) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.89.084005 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
The initial spin probability distribution of primordial black holes
Luca, V. D., Desjacques, V., Franciolini, G., Malhotra, A., & Riotto, A. W. (2019) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2019/05/018 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Lorentz-Invariant Equations of Motion of Point Masses in the General Theory of Relativity
Havas, P., & Goldberg, J. N. (1962) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.128.398 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Shadow cast and deflection of light by charged rotating regular black holes
Kumar, R., Ghosh, S. G., & Wang, A. (2019) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.100.124024 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Relativistic conservation laws and integral constraints for large cosmological perturbations
Katz, J., Bičák, J., & Donald Lynden-bell, A. (1997) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.55.5957 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
First law of binary black hole mechanics in general relativity and post-Newtonian theory
Tiec, A. L., Luc Blanchet, A., & WHITING, B. F. (2012) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.85.064039 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Energy and angular momentum of the gravitational field in the teleparallel geometry
Maluf, J. W., da Rocha-Neto, J. F., Toríbio, T. M. L., & Castello-Branco, K. H. C. (2002) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.65.124001 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Surface tension and negative pressure interior of a non-singular ‘black hole’
Mazur, P. O., & Mottola, E. (2015) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/21/215024 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Carter, B. (1973) · Communications in Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01645505 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
A note on Komar's anomalous factor
Katz, J. L. (1985) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/2/3/018 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity and post-Newtonian dynamics of compact binaries
Schäfer, G., & Jaranowski, P. (2024) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.1007/s41114-024-00048-7 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Julia, B., & Silva, S. I. (1998) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/15/8/006 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Effective no-hair relations for neutron stars and quark stars: Relativistic results
Yagi, K., Kyutoku, K., Pappas, G., Yunes, N., & Apostolatos, T. A. (2014) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.89.124013 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Circular orbits and spin in black-hole initial data
Caudill, M. S., Cook, G. B., Grigsby, J. D., & Pfeiffer, H. (2006) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.74.064011 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Uniqueness theorem for anti—de Sitter spacetime
Boucher, W., Gibbons, G. W., & Horowitz, G. T. (1984) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.30.2447 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Quasilocal quantities for general relativity and other gravity theories
Chen, C.-M., & Nester, J. M. (1999) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/16/4/018 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Energy-momentum tensor for the gravitational field
Babak, S., & Грищук, Л. П. (1999) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.61.024038 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Conserved charges for even dimensional asymptotically AdS gravity theories
Aros, R., Mauricio Contreras, G., Rodrigo Olea, A., Troncoso, R., & Zanelli, J. (2000) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.62.044002 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Some examples of Penrose’s quasi-local mass construction
Tod, K. P. (1983) · Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A Mathematical and Physical Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspa.1983.0092 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Energy distribution in Kerr-Newman spacetime in Einstein’s as well as Møller’s prescriptions
Virbhadra, K. S. (1990) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.42.2919 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Linkages in general relativity
Geroch, R., & Winicour, J. (1981) · Journal of Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.524987 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
FROM GRAVITONS TO GRAVITY: MYTHS AND REALITY
Padmanabhan, Τ. (2008) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s0218271808012085 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity and post-Newtonian dynamics of compact binaries
Schäfer, G., & Jaranowski, P. (2018) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.1007/s41114-018-0016-5 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Energy-momentum conservation in gravity theories
Dongsu Bak, A., Cangemi, D., & Jackiw, R. (1994) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.49.5173 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Conservation laws in general relativity
Horský, J., & Novotný, J. (1969) · Czechoslovak Journal of Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01691807 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Asymptotic Covariant Conservation Laws for Gravitational Radiation
Komar, A. B. (1962) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.127.1411 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationUniversal BPS structure of stationary supergravity solutions
Bossard, G., Nicolai, H., & Stelle, K. S. (2009) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2009/07/003 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
From primordial black holes abundance to primordial curvature power spectrum (and back)
Kalaja, A., Bellomo, N., Bartolo, N., Bertacca, D., Matarrese, S., Musco, I., Raccanelli, A., & Verde, L. (2019) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2019/10/031 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Quasilocal mass for event horizons
Bergqvist, G. (1992) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/9/7/009 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Quasilocal Conserved Charges in a Covariant Theory of Gravity
Kim, W., Kulkarni, S., & Yi, S.-H. (2013) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.111.081101 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Exact differential and corrected area law for stationary black holes in tunneling method
Banerjee, R., & Modak, S. K. (2009) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2009/05/063 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Corotating and irrotational binary black holes in quasicircular orbits
Cook, G. B. (2002) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.65.084003 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Rotating black holes in higher dimensional Einstein-Maxwell gravity
Aliev, A. N. (2006) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.74.024011 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
The first law of black brane mechanics
Townsend, P. K., & Zamaklar, M. (2001) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/18/23/320 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Compère, G. (2007) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.0708.3153 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Asymptotically flat spinning scalar, Dirac and Proca stars
Herdeiro, C., Perapechka, I., Radu, E., & Shnir, Y. (2019) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2019.134845 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Uniqueness properties of the Kerr metric
Mars, M. (2000) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/17/16/317 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Quantum gravity effects in the Kerr spacetime
Reuter, M., & Tuirán, E. (2011) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.83.044041 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Stachel, J. J. (1995) · Taylor & Francis eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420050776.ch4 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
On a new variational principle in general relativity and the energy of the gravitational field
Kijowski, J. (1978) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/bf00759646 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Two mass solutions of Einstein's vacuum equations: The double Kerr solution
Dietz, W., & Hoenselaers, C. (1985) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(85)90301-x · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Positive-Definite Energy Density and Global Consequences for General Relativity
Komar, A. B. (1963) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.129.1873 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citationBanerjee, R., & Majhi, B. R. (2010) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.81.124006 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
A formulation of the virial theorem in general relativity
Gourgoulhon, É., & Bonazzola, S. (1994) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/11/2/015 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Deriving formulations for numerical computation of binary neutron stars in quasicircular orbits
Shibata, M., Uryū, K., & Friedman, J. L. (2004) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.70.044044 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Five-dimensional rotating black hole in a uniform magnetic field: The gyromagnetic ratio
Aliev, A. N., & Frolov, V. P. (2004) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.69.084022 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Electromagnetic properties of Kerr–anti-de Sitter black holes
Aliev, A. N. (2007) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.75.084041 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Komar integrals in higher (and lower) derivative gravity
Kastor, D. A. (2008) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/25/17/175007 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Universality of the Einstein equations for Ricci squared Lagrangians
Borowiec, A., Ferraris, M., Francaviglia, M., & Volovich, I. V. (1998) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/15/1/005 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Poincaré gauge invariance and the dynamical role of spin in gravitational theory
Hayashi, K., & Bregman, A. (1973) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(73)90081-x · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Ellipsoidal space-times, sources for the Kerr metric
Krasiński, A. (1978) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(78)90079-9 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Müller, J., Soffel, M., & Klioner, S. A. (2008) · Journal of Geodesy · doi:10.1007/s00190-007-0168-7 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Conserved charges in Einstein Gauss–Bonnet theory
Deruelle, N., Katz, J., & Ogushi, S. (2004) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/21/8/004 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Physical interpretation of the NUT family of solutions
Manko, V. S., & Ruiz, E. (2005) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/22/17/014 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Thermodynamics of (d+1)-dimensional NUT-charged AdS spacetimes
Clarkson, R., Fatibene, L., & Mann, R. B. (2003) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/s0550-3213(02)01143-4 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
On conserved quantities in general relativity
Ashtekar, A., & Magnon, A. M. R. (1979) · Journal of Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.524151 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Frolov, V. P., Israel, W., & Unruh, W. G. (1989) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.39.1084 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Proof of the angular momentum-mass inequality for axisymmetric black hole
Dain, S. (2008) · Journal of Differential Geometry · doi:10.4310/jdg/1207834657 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
New conformally flat initial data for spinning black holes
Dain, S., Loustó, C. O., & Takahashi, R. (2002) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.65.104038 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Hajian, K., & Sheikh-Jabbari, M. M. (2016) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.93.044074 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Null Electromagnetic Fields in General Relativity Theory
Peres, A. (1960) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.118.1105 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Julia, B., & Silva, S. (2000) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/17/22/312 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Coalescence of black hole–neutron star binaries
Kyutoku, K., Shibata, M., & Taniguchi, K. (2021) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.1007/s41114-021-00033-4 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Arnowitt-Deser-Misner energy and g00
Beig, R. (1978) · Physics Letters A · doi:10.1016/0375-9601(78)90198-6 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Einstein pseudotensor and total energy of the universe
Banerjee, N., & Sen, S. (1997) · Pramana · doi:10.1007/bf02848334 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Geometric inequalities for axially symmetric black holes
Dain, S. (2012) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/29/7/073001 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
A spacetime characterization of the Kerr metricPreprint
Mars, M. (1999) · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Localization of energy in general relativity
Maluf, J. W. (1995) · Journal of Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.530959 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Cosmological Spacetimes from Negative Tension Brane Backgrounds
Burgess, C. P., Quevedo, F., Ivonne Zavala, C., Rey, S.-J., & Gianmassimo Tasinato, C. (2002) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2002/10/028 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
A spacetime characterization of the Kerr metric
Mars, M. (1999) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/16/7/323 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Gravitational waves from extreme mass ratio inspirals in nonpure Kerr spacetimes
Barausse, E., Rezzolla, L., Petroff, D., & Ansorg, M. (2007) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.75.064026 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Conserved Charges in Einstein Gauss-Bonnet theoryPreprint
Deruelle, N., Katz, J., & Ogushi, S. (2003) · Cited by 68 · see citing works
- Authors
- Komar, A.
- Affiliations
- Syracuse University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Komar, Arthur
- Venue
- Physical Review
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1959-02-01
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 934-936
- ISSN
- 0031-899X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2227492315
- Cited by
- 930
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 59 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 4.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical Review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Advanced Differential Geometry Research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Keywords
- covariant conservation laws, general relativity, energy-momentum conservation, coordinate transformation, first integrals, coordinate invariance
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review